【摘要】：石油中的微量砷主要以有機(jī)砷化物的形式存在,在石油化工以及合成氨生產(chǎn)中,很容易與催化劑結(jié)合,使汽油催化加氫催化劑、貴金屬重整催化劑等永久性中毒。所以,脫砷劑的研究和開發(fā)成為了一個很迫切的問題,具有十分重要的科研價值和經(jīng)濟(jì)價值。本論文通過查閱大量文獻(xiàn)資料,對國內(nèi)外的脫砷研究進(jìn)行了介紹,對幾類脫砷劑進(jìn)行了重點描述,同時對脫砷機(jī)理也進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的介紹。根據(jù)實際情況,本文選取了Ni、Cu、Ca等為活性組分,分別以球形和三葉草型氧化鋁為載體,用浸漬法制備了一系列脫砷劑,并對其進(jìn)行了表征,使用氮氣吸附法測定了脫砷劑的比表面積、孔體積和孔容,通過XRD表征發(fā)現(xiàn)脫砷劑上的活性組分主要是以氧化態(tài)的形式存在。通過自制的脫砷評價裝置對其進(jìn)行的脫砷效果評價,Cu基脫砷劑的脫砷效果最好,能夠?qū)⒛M油中的394μg/kg脫除至20μg/kg以下,脫砷率90%以上。并對以Cu為活性組分的脫砷劑的脫砷工藝進(jìn)行了重點研究,考察了溫度、壓力、空速等條件對脫砷性能的影響,得出溫度為50-60℃,壓力為0.5-1.0MPa,空速為1.0-2.0h-1時,該脫砷劑脫砷效果最佳。在最佳條件下,對不同擔(dān)載量的Cu脫砷劑進(jìn)行了脫砷性能評價,得出脫砷率隨著擔(dān)載量的提高而提高,擔(dān)載量為14%時脫砷效果最佳。本論文還對ST711-3A型脫砷劑進(jìn)行了研究,通過氮氣吸附法測定了其比表面積、孔體積孔徑等,通過XRD測得其活性組分為Mn、Cu等。以實際生產(chǎn)用油為原料,使用自制的脫砷評價裝置對ST711-3A脫砷劑的脫砷活性和穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了評價,能夠把原料油中的砷從132μg/kg脫除至20μg/kg以下,并且在600h內(nèi)出口砷含量小于20μg/kg,證明其有較高的脫砷活性和穩(wěn)定性。此后對ST7111-3A型脫砷劑進(jìn)行了再生,再生后200h脫砷效果和穩(wěn)定性良好。
[Abstract]:The trace arsenic in petroleum mainly exists in the form of organic arsenide. In petrochemical industry and ammonia production, it is easy to combine with catalyst and make the catalyst of gasoline catalytic hydrogenation and noble metal reforming permanent poisoning. Therefore, the research and development of arsenic removal agent has become a very urgent problem, and has very important scientific and economic value. In this paper, through consulting a lot of literature, the research on arsenic removal at home and abroad is introduced, several kinds of dearsening agents are described emphatically, and the mechanism of arsenic removal is also introduced in detail. According to the actual situation, a series of arsenic removal agents were prepared by impregnation method and characterized by using spherical alumina and clover alumina as active components. The specific surface area, pore volume and pore volume of arsenic removal agent were determined by nitrogen adsorption method. By XRD characterization, it was found that the active components of arsenic removal agent mainly existed in the form of oxidation state. The arsenic removal effect of Cu-based arsenic removal agent was evaluated by a self-made arsenic removal evaluation device. The arsenic removal efficiency of Cu-based arsenic removal agent was the best, and the removal of 渭 g/kg from simulated oil was below 20 渭 g/kg, and the arsenic removal rate was over 90%. The effect of temperature, pressure and space velocity on the arsenic removal performance was investigated. The results showed that the temperature was 50-60 鈩，

本文編號：2143558