【摘要】：地?zé)豳Y源在全球儲(chǔ)量豐富,分布廣泛,隨著原油資源的消耗,無(wú)污染可持續(xù)的高溫地?zé)豳Y源逐漸受到人們重視。高溫地?zé)豳Y源鉆采與傳統(tǒng)油氣鉆采不同,高溫地?zé)峋３Ｌ幱诘刭|(zhì)環(huán)境惡劣的地區(qū),巖層結(jié)構(gòu)多為火成巖等耐磨巖層,地層中存在大量熔洞使鉆井液漏失情況嚴(yán)重,井底溫度能達(dá)到300℃以上,導(dǎo)致牙輪鉆頭在工作中掉齒失效現(xiàn)象非常普遍,極大程度影響了鉆井成本和效率,而國(guó)內(nèi)開展的高溫條件下固齒技術(shù)研究成果發(fā)表較少,所以地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭固齒強(qiáng)度研究顯得尤為迫切和重要。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 首先,對(duì)地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭掉齒失效的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行調(diào)研和分析,并將地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭與傳統(tǒng)牙輪鉆頭進(jìn)行對(duì)比,找出兩者之間結(jié)構(gòu)、材料、受載、工況上的區(qū)別,在傳統(tǒng)牙輪鉆頭掉齒失效的基礎(chǔ)上分析地?zé)徙@井掉齒失效的原因,并對(duì)其失效機(jī)理進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的論述。 其次,針對(duì)地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭掉齒失效的原因進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算,運(yùn)用彈塑性力學(xué)理論、固體力學(xué)理論和熱力學(xué)理論,將常溫下過(guò)盈配合的固齒力公式與材料性能受溫度影響的變化規(guī)律結(jié)合,推導(dǎo)出適用于地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭的固齒力公式,并用實(shí)例進(jìn)行計(jì)算,得到高溫下固齒力的變化規(guī)律與之前所闡述的理論掉齒原因相符。 然后,建立地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭的有限元仿真模型,構(gòu)建牙輪鉆頭材料在不同溫度下的本構(gòu)關(guān)系,分析牙輪鉆頭在不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、不同溫度情況下固齒力的變化規(guī)律,并參照同類型實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),證明仿真結(jié)果的正確性。 最后,參考常溫下牙輪鉆頭的載荷數(shù)據(jù),在線性疲勞損傷累計(jì)理論的框架下,通過(guò)雨流計(jì)數(shù)法擬合出適用的載荷譜,建立地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭交變沖擊載荷疲勞分析模型,研究高溫下牙輪鉆頭結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)變化對(duì)齒孔的疲勞壽命影響規(guī)律。 通過(guò)以上研究,最終得到了提高地?zé)徙@井牙輪鉆頭固齒力的可行性方案。
[Abstract]:Geothermal resources are abundant and widely distributed in the world. With the consumption of crude oil, the high temperature geothermal resources, which are not polluted and sustainable, are gradually paid attention to. The high temperature geothermal resources drilling is different from the traditional oil and gas drilling. The high temperature geothermal wells are often in the areas with bad geological environment, and the rock structure is mostly the fire resistant rock and other wear-resistant rock layers. The leakage of drilling fluid is serious and the bottom hole temperature can reach more than 300 degrees centigrade, which leads to the failure of tooth roller bit in work, which greatly affects the cost and efficiency of drilling. Research is particularly urgent and important. The main contents of this paper are as follows:
First, the relevant literature on the tooth loss failure of the geothermal drilling bit is investigated and analyzed, and the geothermal drilling bit is compared with the traditional roller bit to find out the structure, material, load, and the difference between the working conditions. On the basis of the failure of the traditional roller bits, the reasons for the failure of the geothermal drilling are analyzed, and the results are also analyzed. The failure mechanism is discussed in detail.
Secondly, according to the theoretical calculation of the cause of the tooth loss failure of the geothermal drilling bit, using the elastoplastic mechanics theory, the solid mechanics theory and the thermodynamics theory, the formula of the fixing force formula of the interference fit at normal temperature and the change law of the material properties under the influence of temperature is combined, and the formula of the tooth fixing force applicable to the drill bit of geothermal drilling is deduced. The results show that the variation law of solid tooth force is consistent with the theory of tooth dropping.
Then, the finite element simulation model of the geothermal drilling bit is set up, the constitutive relation of the roller bit material at different temperatures is constructed, and the change law of the tooth force is analyzed under the different structural parameters and different temperatures, and the correctness of the simulation results is proved by the same type of experimental data.
At last, referring to the load data of the roller bit at normal temperature, under the framework of linear fatigue damage accumulative theory, the applicable load spectrum is fitted through the rain flow counting method, and the fatigue analysis model of the alternating impact load of the geothermal drilling bit is established, and the influence of the structural parameters of the bit on the fatigue life of the toothed hole at high temperature is studied.
Through the above research, we finally get a feasible plan to improve the fixing force of the cone bit of geothermal drilling.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE921.1

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本文編號(hào)：2135511