含硅氧烷季銨鹽的兩親聚合物的合成及在稠油降粘中的應用
[Abstract]:With the deepening of heavy oil mining, the design and synthesis of viscosity reducer and the mechanism of viscosity reduction have become a hot spot. The existing emulsion formed by the viscosity reducer is too stable, the dehydration of demulsification is difficult and the post-treatment cost is high. The ideal viscosity reducer requires high emulsifying and viscosity reducing efficiency and certain temperature resistance and salt resistance, the emphasis is the formation of the viscosity. The emulsion is easy to demulsified and dehydrated, to achieve the effect of fluid viscosity and dehydration. By introducing a special functional structural unit in the main chain of acrylamide polymer, it has the advantages of functional group and polymer, so it is more promising. This paper mainly designs and syntheses a kind of polymerizable. Siloxane quaternary ammonium salt monomer (SQ) is further prepared with free radical polymerization with acrylamide (AM) and 2- acrylamide based -2- methylpropyl sulfonic acid (AMPS). The structure and solution properties of the monomers and polymers are characterized, and the viscosity reducing properties of the polymer are studied. The following work is included in the following aspects: 1 A new type of siloxane quaternary ammonium monomer (SQ) was synthesized. The monomer molecules were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. The surface activity of the quaternary ammonium salt monomer was studied by surface tension method, fluorescence probe method and electrical conductivity method. The results showed that the monomer had excellent surface tension to reduce the surface of aqueous solution. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) is 0.76g/L, and the surface tension of the aqueous solution can be reduced to 30.55 mN/m.2, and a series of two polymer PASQ (AM/SQ), PAA (AM/AMPS) and three are prepared by free radical solution polymerization, with homemade siloxane quaternary ammonium salt monomer (SQ), acrylamide (AM) and 2- acrylamide -2- Methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) as raw materials. Polymer PAASQ (AM/SQ/AMPS). The structure of the polymer was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The molecular weight of the polymer was measured by laser light scattering and the results of.TGA and DSC showed that the polymer containing the quaternary ammonium salt containing siloxane had stronger heat resistance, and the application prospect was wide.3, through surface tension and boundary. Surface tension, fluorescence spectra, dynamic light scattering and apparent viscosity test were used to study the performance of the polymer solution. The effect of concentration and temperature on the aggregation behavior of polymer in aqueous solution was investigated. The results showed that the interfacial activity of the polymer was poor, but the addition of siloxane monomer enhanced the water solubility of the polymer. The wettability of heavy oil is.4. The viscosity reduction effect of polymer solution to heavy oil is studied systematically. The effect of oil to water ratio and polymer concentration on viscosity reduction is investigated. The results show that with the decrease of oil and water ratio and the increase of polymer concentration, the viscosity of emulsion is reduced quickly and the stability is basically maintained. According to the result, the test is the best choice. The stability of the emulsion was studied by the observation of the emulsion type and the stability analysis. The salt resistance and aging resistance of the polymer viscosity reducer containing siloxane quaternary ammonium salt were measured. The study shows that the polymer containing siloxane quaternary ammonium salt not only has excellent viscosity reduction effect, but also has a certain temperature resistance and salt resistance. When the concentration is 1.0g/L, the viscosity reduction rate of the polymer PASQ and PAASQ containing siloxane quaternary ammonium salt can exceed 90%, and the viscosity reducer still maintains the original viscosity reduction efficiency in the concentration of 15000mg/L NaCl, 800mg/L calcium chloride and 800mg/L magnesium chloride solution; viscosity reducer. The viscosity reduction effect of water solution at 65 C under constant temperature is unchanged for 15 days. The most important thing is that the stability of the emulsion can be reduced by the polymer viscosity reducer containing siloxane. The stability analyzer is used to analyze the stability of the emulsion in half an hour. The results show that the emulsion containing the polymer PAASQ containing siloxane is half small. The rate of dehydration can reach 90%.. In summary, the polymer viscosity reducer containing siloxane quaternary ammonium salt reaches the effect of flowing viscosity reduction and static dewatering.
【學位授予單位】:山東大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TE39;TQ317
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