【摘要】：目前國(guó)內(nèi)的原油采收率偏低,約67%的原油以剩余油的形式埋藏于地層中,井間是剩余油存在的主要區(qū)域,研究油氣田剩余油開(kāi)采的探測(cè)理論和方法具有重要的意義。本文在國(guó)家自然基金的資助下,開(kāi)展了井間電磁探測(cè)與介質(zhì)識(shí)別的研究和探索。本文建立了基于線(xiàn)源的井間電磁探測(cè)方法,以一口井的套管作為發(fā)射線(xiàn)源,另一口井中放置接收儀器,以實(shí)現(xiàn)井間的電磁探測(cè)。利用了套管為良導(dǎo)體的特點(diǎn)對(duì)其施加發(fā)射電流,直接作為發(fā)射源,相比于井內(nèi)磁偶極子發(fā)射的方式,線(xiàn)源發(fā)射的方式能夠有效消除套管對(duì)電磁信號(hào)的衰減和屏蔽作用,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離探測(cè)。針對(duì)線(xiàn)源和磁偶極子建立發(fā)射和接收模型,研究了井間電磁發(fā)射參數(shù)與接收信號(hào)之間的關(guān)系,分析了地層中發(fā)射頻率、發(fā)射電流、線(xiàn)源長(zhǎng)度以及接收點(diǎn)位置等參數(shù)變化對(duì)接收井中的磁場(chǎng)值的影響規(guī)律,提出了提高探測(cè)距離的措施和方法。研究了井間異常體介質(zhì)的電阻率、異常體薄板的傾角和水平位置對(duì)于井間電場(chǎng)線(xiàn)分布的作用,分析了不同電阻率介質(zhì)和異常體水平位置對(duì)分界面電場(chǎng)的影響規(guī)律,得出了異常體薄板隨傾角角度增加,電場(chǎng)分布異常范圍逐漸減小的結(jié)論。根據(jù)瞬變電磁原理與二次場(chǎng)響應(yīng)信號(hào)的特性,考慮了影響波形的幾種因素和噪聲干擾以及抑制方法,選擇合適的電子元器件,開(kāi)發(fā)了相關(guān)的發(fā)射電路與探測(cè)電路,研制了全系統(tǒng)的電源電路。對(duì)研制的電路進(jìn)行了調(diào)試,解決了電路調(diào)試中遇到的各種問(wèn)題,并研究了線(xiàn)源接收與線(xiàn)圈接收的探測(cè)性能,測(cè)試了探測(cè)線(xiàn)圈所處位置對(duì)探測(cè)性能的影響,以及探測(cè)系統(tǒng)對(duì)電阻率異常體的區(qū)分能力。
[Abstract]:At present, the oil recovery in China is low, about 67% of the crude oil is buried in the form of remaining oil in the formation, and the cross-well is the main area where the remaining oil exists. It is of great significance to study the exploration theory and method of remaining oil production in oil and gas fields. In this paper, the research and exploration of cross-well electromagnetic detection and medium identification are carried out with the aid of the National Fund for Nature. In this paper, a method of cross-well electromagnetic detection based on line source is established. The casing of one well is used as the emission line source, and the receiving instrument is placed in the other well to realize the electromagnetic detection between wells. Taking advantage of the fact that the casing is a good conductor, the emission current is applied to the casing directly as the emission source. Compared with the mode of magnetic dipole emission in the well, the line source emitter can effectively eliminate the attenuation and shielding effect of the casing on the electromagnetic signal. Thus the remote detection is realized. Aiming at the transmission and receiving models of line source and magnetic dipole, the relationship between the electromagnetic emission parameters and the received signal is studied, and the emission frequency and emission current in the formation are analyzed. The influence of the parameters such as the length of the line source and the position of the receiving point on the magnetic field value in the receiving well is studied. The measures and methods to improve the detection distance are put forward. The resistivity of cross-well anomalous medium, the effect of dip angle and horizontal position of anomalous thin plate on the distribution of cross-well electric field line are studied, and the influence of different resistivity medium and horizontal position of abnormal body on the electric field of the interface is analyzed. It is concluded that the anomalous range of electric field distribution decreases gradually with the increase of inclination angle. According to the transient electromagnetic principle and the characteristics of the secondary field response signal, several factors affecting the waveform, the noise interference and the suppression method are considered, the appropriate electronic components are selected, and the relevant emission circuit and detection circuit are developed. The power supply circuit of the whole system is developed. The circuit is debugged, and the problems encountered in the circuit debugging are solved. The detection performance of wire source receiving and coil receiving is studied, and the influence of the position of the detection coil on the detection performance is tested. And the ability of detecting system to distinguish resistivity anomaly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE327

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本文編號(hào)：2126485