【摘要】：南堡凹陷泥頁巖油氣成藏的研究處于起步階段,油氣的賦存方式及勘探潛力尚不明確。本文綜合利用大量的基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)資料,針對泥頁巖的巖性分布、礦物學(xué)特征、微觀孔隙特征及吸附性等特征展開工作,意在弄清其頁巖儲層的微觀孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)特征及其影響因素,以期來指導(dǎo)下一步研究區(qū)泥頁巖油氣資源的勘探開發(fā)。通過借鑒前人對于泥頁巖的研究方法和成果,廣泛搜集包括鉆井資料、錄井資料、測井資料、地層數(shù)據(jù)等資料,并對大量巖心樣品進(jìn)行了實驗分析測試,所采取的實驗手段包括:低溫液氮吸附實驗、甲烷等溫吸附實驗、X-RD衍射全巖鑒定、電感耦合等離子體原子光譜、掃描電鏡、元素能譜等。研究顯示南堡凹陷古近系泥頁巖空間展布總體上具有分布廣、厚度大的特點,巖相類型可劃分為三大類五小類,特定的巖相在測井曲線上有明顯的響應(yīng)特征。全巖礦物組成與Marellus頁巖和Haynesville頁巖具有較好的可比性。本地區(qū)泥頁巖孔隙類型可以分為有機質(zhì)孔、粒間孔、粒內(nèi)孔以及微裂縫�？紫缎螒B(tài)復(fù)雜,有細(xì)頸長體的墨水瓶形、有四面開放的平行板形及尖劈形,以利于儲集氣體的墨水瓶型為主。從孔徑來看,廣泛發(fā)育有微孔和介孔,其中介孔提供了主要的孔體積,微孔和介孔提供了主要的比表面。有機碳含量是控制南堡凹陷古近系泥頁巖中孔容及比表面積的主要因素;石英和方解石與孔體積有較好的相關(guān)性;脆性礦物對于孔隙有積極的建設(shè)作用,黏土礦物對孔隙的貢獻(xiàn)有限;有機質(zhì)熱演化過程中形成的有機酸會對長石、方解石等不穩(wěn)定礦物形成溶蝕作用,但是其增孔能力有限;影響泥巖裂縫形成的機制主要有構(gòu)造運動、沉積及成巖作用和地層超壓。有機碳含量是控制泥頁巖甲烷吸附能力的主要因素;成熟度與頁巖吸附能力的關(guān)系尚不清楚;以伊蒙混層和伊利石為主的粘土礦物與吸附氣含量呈正相關(guān),而以方解石為主的碳酸鹽礦物與吸附氣量呈負(fù)相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The study of shale oil and gas accumulation in Nanpu sag is still in its infancy, and its occurrence mode and exploration potential are not clear. Based on a large amount of basic geological data, this paper aims at studying the lithologic distribution, mineralogical characteristics, microscopic pore characteristics and absorbability of shale in order to find out the microscopic pore structure characteristics of shale reservoir and its influencing factors. In order to guide the exploration and development of shale oil and gas resources in the next research area. By drawing lessons from the previous research methods and achievements on shale, we extensively collected data including drilling data, logging data, formation data and so on, and carried out experimental analysis and test on a large number of core samples. The experimental methods are as follows: low temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption experiment, methane isothermal adsorption experiment, X-ray diffraction identification, inductively coupled plasma atomic spectrum, scanning electron microscope, elemental energy spectrum and so on. The study shows that the spatial distribution of Paleogene shale in Nanpu Sag has the characteristics of wide distribution and large thickness. The lithofacies types can be divided into three types and five subclasses, and the specific lithofacies have obvious response characteristics on logging curves. The mineral composition of the whole rock is comparable to that of Marellus shale and Haynesville shale. The pore types of shale in this area can be divided into organic pore, intergranular pore, intragranular pore and microfracture. The pore shape is complex, with a thin neck, a long body of ink bottle shape, four sides of the parallel plate shape and split shape, in favor of the storage of gas in the ink bottle type. From the pore size point of view, there are many micropores and mesoporous cells, which provide the main pore volume, micropore and mesopore provide the main specific surface. Organic carbon content is the main factor controlling pore volume and specific surface area of Paleogene shale in Nanpu Sag, quartz and calcite have good correlation with pore volume, brittle minerals have positive effect on pore construction. The contribution of clay minerals to pores is limited, organic acids formed during the thermal evolution of organic matter form dissolution of unstable minerals such as feldspar and calcite, but their pore increasing capacity is limited. The main mechanisms affecting the formation of mudstone fractures are tectonic movement, sedimentation and diagenesis, and formation overpressure. The content of organic carbon is the main factor to control the adsorption ability of shale methane, the relationship between maturity and shale adsorption ability is not clear, and the clay minerals, which are mainly Illite and Illite, have a positive correlation with the adsorption gas content. The calcite-based carbonate minerals are negatively correlated with the amount of gas adsorbed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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