本文選題：季銨型陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑 + 蠕蟲(chóng)狀膠束��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對(duì)清潔壓裂液在油田酸化壓裂作業(yè)中的應(yīng)用,本文采用2-氯乙胺鹽酸鹽和長(zhǎng)鏈烷基叔胺為原料,合成了一種季銨型陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑二甲基-氨乙基-長(zhǎng)鏈烷基氯化銨(CnDEDAM, n=14,16,18),通過(guò)紅外、1H-NMR和質(zhì)譜對(duì)C18DEDAM的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征。以表面活性劑C18DEDAM為例,對(duì)其合成條件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)物料比nb/na為1.20,反應(yīng)溫度為70℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為7h,pH值為7時(shí),該種季銨型陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑的產(chǎn)率最高。此外,采用電導(dǎo)率法測(cè)定了該系列季銨型陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑(CnDEDAM, n=14,16,18)的臨界膠束濃度,測(cè)得其值分別為2.69×10-3mol/L、7.35×10-4mol/L、1.82×10-4mol/L,該類(lèi)表面活性劑的臨界膠束濃度隨著表面活性劑碳鏈長(zhǎng)度的增加而降低。 (1)該種季銨型陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑(以C18DEDAM為例)具有pH響應(yīng)特性,其溶液能在酸性條件下增黏,隨著溶液的pH值的降低,該表面活性劑的臨界膠束濃度下降,溶液的黏度明顯升高；(2)表面活性劑(C18DEDAM)能在反離子鹽的作用下形成蠕蟲(chóng)狀膠束,分別研究了無(wú)機(jī)鹽氯化鈉(NaCl)和有機(jī)鹽水楊酸鈉(NaSal)兩種反離子鹽與該表面活性劑的混合溶液的性質(zhì),黏度和黏彈性測(cè)試結(jié)果表明：無(wú)機(jī)鹽氯化鈉(NaCl)與該種表面活性劑形成的復(fù)配體系的性能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于有機(jī)鹽水楊酸鈉(NaSal)與其形成的復(fù)配體系；(3)馬來(lái)酸(MA)可以增強(qiáng)C18DEDAM-NaCl復(fù)配體系的性能,電導(dǎo)率、黏度、黏彈性、動(dòng)態(tài)光散射以及掃描電子顯微鏡測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,C18DEDAM-MA-NaCl復(fù)配體系是一種能由pH值進(jìn)行開(kāi)關(guān)控制的智能型蠕蟲(chóng)狀膠束體系,當(dāng)混合溶液的pH值小于7時(shí),該復(fù)配體系為黏彈性流體(pH值為5的復(fù)配體系的黏彈性最好)；當(dāng)混合溶液的pH值大于7時(shí),復(fù)配體系的黏彈性完全消失,為典型的牛頓型流體。無(wú)機(jī)鹽氯化鈉(NaCl)濃度的改變可導(dǎo)致該復(fù)配體系的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)從球狀膠束向棒狀膠束轉(zhuǎn)變,使黏彈性曲線(xiàn)交點(diǎn)向低頻移動(dòng)；該復(fù)配體系在室溫下為乳白色固體,升高溫度變?yōu)橥该黟椥粤黧w,體系黏度隨溫度升高降低,在高溫下仍能保持較高黏度；(4)隨著季銨型陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑CnDEDAM的碳鏈長(zhǎng)度的降低,CnDEDAM-MA-NaCl復(fù)配體系(n=14,16,18)溶液的黏度和黏彈性均大幅降低。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the application of clean fracturing fluid in oilfield acidizing fracturing, 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride and long-chain alkyl tertiary amine were used as raw materials. A quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, dimethyl-aminoethyl-long-chain ammonium chloride (CnDEDAM), was synthesized. The structure of C18DEDAM was characterized by IR 1H-NMR and mass spectrometry. Taking C18DEDAM as an example, the synthesis conditions of C18DEDAM were optimized. It was found that the yield of the quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant was the highest when the material ratio was 1.20, the reaction temperature was 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2118541