本文選題：液化天然氣 + 丙烷預(yù)冷混合制冷劑循環(huán)��； 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),在治霾降污的壓力下,呼聲高漲的環(huán)境治理倒逼能源向清潔化方向加快發(fā)展。隨著低碳資源的大力開(kāi)發(fā)利用,我國(guó)能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)得到進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化,煤炭在一次能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)中的比重下降,優(yōu)質(zhì)、清潔、高效的天然氣消費(fèi)占比上升,且消耗量呈日益增大的趨勢(shì)。本文闡述了天然氣液化技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì),簡(jiǎn)要介紹了幾種天然氣液化流程的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并進(jìn)行技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較,優(yōu)先選擇目前國(guó)內(nèi)外應(yīng)用最廣泛的新型高效流程——帶丙烷預(yù)冷的混合制冷劑循環(huán)液化流程作為模擬流程。根據(jù)天然氣和混合制冷劑的熱物性,為滿足計(jì)算精度要求,工質(zhì)相平衡特性選用PR方程,焓熵等熱物性選用LKP方程。通過(guò)ASPEN HYSYS軟件進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算,得到的結(jié)果和已知實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的對(duì)比結(jié)果在誤差范圍內(nèi),說(shuō)明模擬過(guò)程中選用的熱力學(xué)方程是合適的。利用模塊化思想對(duì)流程中每一處設(shè)備進(jìn)行模擬。采用ASPEN HYSYS軟件搭建流程,對(duì)循環(huán)中的壓縮機(jī)、多股流換熱器、節(jié)流閥和混合器等模塊進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的參數(shù)設(shè)置,最終得到收斂的穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬系統(tǒng)。在穩(wěn)態(tài)流程工況下,分別模擬了混合制冷劑組分、高低壓、溫度,原料氣壓力、溫度,以及丙烷預(yù)冷后溫度對(duì)流程的影響,得到合理的制冷劑配比和科學(xué)的流程參數(shù):混合制冷劑最佳配比是甲烷為0.436(摩爾分?jǐn)?shù),下同)、乙烷為0.393、丙烷為0.099、氮?dú)鉃?.072。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)流程關(guān)鍵設(shè)備進(jìn)行有效能分析,進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化流程,達(dá)到節(jié)能降耗、提高裝置經(jīng)濟(jì)性的目的。優(yōu)化后的流程壓縮機(jī)比功耗最小為7.692k W·h/kmol,比未優(yōu)化前的比功耗11.75k W·h/kmol少了4.0585k W·h/kmol。模擬結(jié)果對(duì)實(shí)際的天然氣液化流程的優(yōu)化具有有力的理論指導(dǎo)意義和可靠的實(shí)用參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, under the pressure of controlling haze and reducing pollution, the rising demand for environmental control has pushed energy to clean up. With the development and utilization of low-carbon resources, the energy consumption structure of China has been further optimized, the proportion of coal in the primary energy consumption structure has decreased, the proportion of high-quality, clean and efficient natural gas consumption has increased. And the consumption is increasing day by day. This paper describes the present situation and development trend of natural gas liquefaction technology, briefly introduces the advantages and disadvantages of several natural gas liquefaction processes, and makes a technical and economic comparison. Priority is given to a new type of high efficiency process with propane precooled refrigerant cycle liquefaction, which is the most widely used at home and abroad. According to the thermal properties of natural gas and mixed refrigerants, PR equation and LKP equation are used for phase equilibrium and enthalpy entropy. By using Aspen HYSYS software, the comparison between the results obtained and the known experimental data is within the error range, which shows that the thermodynamic equation selected in the simulation process is appropriate. The modularization idea is used to simulate every device in the process. The flow chart is built with Aspen HYSYS software, and the parameters of compressor, multi-stream heat exchanger, throttle valve and mixer are set up in detail, and the convergent steady-state simulation system is obtained. The effects of mixture refrigerant composition, high and low pressure, temperature, raw gas pressure, temperature and propane precooling temperature on the process were simulated under steady flow conditions. The optimum mixture ratio of refrigerant is 0.436 (mole fraction), ethane is 0.393, propane is 0.099, nitrogen is 0.072. On this basis, the effective analysis of the key equipment of the process is carried out, and the process is further optimized to achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption, and improving the economic efficiency of the device. The optimized flow compressor has a minimum specific power consumption of 7.692kh / kmol. which is 4.0585khr / kmolless than that before the optimization of 11.75kW h/kmol. The simulation results are of great theoretical significance and reliable reference value for the optimization of natural gas liquefaction process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE646

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