本文選題：水平井 + 完井�。� 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水平井具有改善油藏動(dòng)態(tài)剖面、提高油氣井單井產(chǎn)量等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因而廣泛應(yīng)用于油氣藏開發(fā)中,針對(duì)水平井的完井技術(shù)也隨之快速發(fā)展。復(fù)雜的完井結(jié)構(gòu)使水平井內(nèi)流體流動(dòng)的幾何形態(tài)變得更加復(fù)雜,例如跟趾效應(yīng)使得底水不均勻脊進(jìn),造成油氣井跟部暴性水淹,降低油氣藏最終采收率。選擇合適的完井方法可以讓水平井得到高效開發(fā),而準(zhǔn)確模擬井筒內(nèi)流體流動(dòng)動(dòng)態(tài)是高效開發(fā)的前提和保證。 傳統(tǒng)水平井模擬技術(shù)很少考慮完井結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)井筒流動(dòng)的影響,也沒有針對(duì)模型的計(jì)算方法,因此無法對(duì)水平段流動(dòng)提供精確有效的模擬�；诖�,本文以等值滲流原理為基礎(chǔ),利用節(jié)點(diǎn)分析法并考慮油氣水三相流體,建立了水平井多相流體流動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,并分別用割縫襯管完井、裸眼完井、分段變盲篩管完井和噴嘴型ICD完井對(duì)模型進(jìn)行適當(dāng)改進(jìn)。然后考慮不同完井附加壓降,求解模型得到定井底流壓時(shí)采用不同完井方法水平段的壓力、流量分布。取得了如下成果及認(rèn)識(shí)： (1)使用模型計(jì)算時(shí),選擇合理的初值以提高計(jì)算精度,同時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)水平段長(zhǎng)度和工程要求進(jìn)行合理的分段。 (2)計(jì)算結(jié)果能夠準(zhǔn)確反映出受跟趾效應(yīng)影響,水平段上壓力沿跟端到趾端下降,越接近跟端壓降速度越快；油藏與井筒壓差越大,徑向流量越大；而徑向流量在水平段上不斷累積,水平段流量從趾端到跟端逐漸上升。 (3)計(jì)算結(jié)果能夠反映出分段變盲篩管完井依靠封隔油藏及環(huán)空流入限制流體流入控制段,噴嘴型ICD完井能降低跟趾效應(yīng)影響,趾端到跟端壓差極小,但該完井方法會(huì)犧牲水平段的產(chǎn)能。 (4)計(jì)算結(jié)果表明在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中ICD更適宜應(yīng)用于高滲油藏和高產(chǎn)井,同時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)工程及成本需要選擇合適的噴嘴直徑。 (5)實(shí)例分析表明,該模型可以較為準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)價(jià)ICD現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用效果,對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用具有一定參考價(jià)值。 本文建立的模型可以較為準(zhǔn)確地模擬出不同完井方法下水平井筒內(nèi)流體動(dòng)態(tài),對(duì)水平井完井技術(shù)的優(yōu)選也具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The horizontal well has the advantages of improving the dynamic profile of the reservoir and improving the single well production of the oil and gas wells, so it is widely used in the development of oil and gas reservoirs, and the completion technology for horizontal wells is also rapidly developing. The oil and gas wells are flooded with the following storm, and the final recovery of the oil and gas reservoirs is reduced. The selection of appropriate completion methods can make the horizontal well develop efficiently, and the accurate simulation of the flow dynamics in the wellbore is the prerequisite and guarantee for the efficient development.
The traditional horizontal well simulation technology seldom considers the effect of completion structure on the wellbore flow, and there is no calculation method for the model. Therefore, it can not provide accurate and effective simulation for the horizontal section flow. Based on this, this paper, based on the principle of equivalent seepage flow, uses the node analysis method to consider the oil and gas water three-phase fluid, and establishes the multiphase flow in the horizontal well. The model of body flow network is used to improve the model with slit liner completion, naked hole completion, piecewise blind sieve tube completion and nozzle type ICD completion. Then considering the additional pressure drop of different completion wells, the pressure and flow distribution of the horizontal section of different completion methods are used to solve the model, and the following results and knowledge are obtained. :
(1) when using the model to select the reasonable initial value, the accuracy of calculation can be improved. At the same time, reasonable segmentation should be made according to the length of the horizontal section and the engineering requirement.
(2) the calculation results can accurately reflect the effect of the heel toe effect. The pressure of the horizontal section drops along the heel end to the toe, the faster the pressure drop of the heel end, the greater the pressure difference between the oil reservoir and the wellbore, the larger the radial flow is, and the radial flow accumulates continuously in the horizontal section, and the level of the horizontal section increases gradually from the toe to the heel.
(3) the calculation results can reflect that the completion of a piecewise blind sieve tube depends on the flow inflow control section of the sealed reservoir and the inflow of the annular space. The completion of the nozzle type ICD can reduce the effect of the heel effect, and the difference between the toe end to the heel end is very small, but the completion method will sacrifice the productivity of the horizontal section.
(4) the calculation results show that ICD is more suitable for high permeability reservoirs and high production wells in actual production, and appropriate nozzle diameters should be selected according to engineering and cost needs.
(5) example analysis shows that the model can accurately evaluate the field application effect of ICD, and has a certain reference value for field application.
The model established in this paper can accurately simulate the fluid dynamics in horizontal wellbore under different completion methods, and it also has a certain guiding significance for the optimization of horizontal well completion technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE257

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