本文選題：連續(xù)油管 + 鉆井��； 參考：《長江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：連續(xù)油管(Coiled Tubing)在工業(yè)上名為撓性油管同樣也可以稱之為盤管。在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間它就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)于工業(yè)應(yīng)用中,自20世紀60年代逐漸引起石油工業(yè)的注意。迄今為止已有50多年的歷史。連續(xù)油管鉆井(Coiled Tubing Drilling,簡稱CTD)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展開始于上世紀九十年代。隨著連續(xù)油管在石油鉆井中的應(yīng)用,連續(xù)油管的尺寸也因為在實際應(yīng)用中的需要進行了一系列的改動,尺寸漸漸的變大。起初專家們預(yù)測連續(xù)油管鉆井技術(shù)可能僅限于直井鉆井中,但是隨著連續(xù)油管鉆井技術(shù)的日益革新,人們無法想象它也可以應(yīng)用在定向井和水平井中。在鉆井成本急劇增長和油價下跌的社會現(xiàn)狀下,低油價和作業(yè)成本增加的情況下,縮減鉆井開支以及提高鉆井效率已經(jīng)是解決目前石油行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀的唯一途徑了。所以在未來石油工業(yè)里連續(xù)油管鉆井的市場會越來越大,數(shù)量也會大幅度的增長。事實上,在20實際50年代末的時候先進的科研工作者經(jīng)過不斷的探索已經(jīng)研制出連續(xù)油管作業(yè)機,因為其適應(yīng)能力差以及連續(xù)油管鉆井技術(shù)及配套設(shè)施的原因,使得連續(xù)油管鉆井技術(shù)到20世紀90年代才開始真正的進入石油鉆井行業(yè)中。截至到目前,連續(xù)油管鉆井在石油工業(yè)的應(yīng)用主要有：鉆新井、老井加深、老井側(cè)鉆水平井定向井以及欠平衡連續(xù)油管鉆井等。連續(xù)油管管內(nèi)流體流動時,會伴有很大的沿程阻力損失。尤其流經(jīng)螺旋管段時,不同的螺旋屈曲情況導(dǎo)致流體所受到的離心力不斷變化,出現(xiàn)二次流現(xiàn)象,對流體的阻力很大,因此,清楚連續(xù)油管鉆井過程中管內(nèi)流動特性,對設(shè)計連續(xù)油管作業(yè)時泵的功率、計算井底壓力、最大井口壓力都尤為重要。所以進行連續(xù)油管系統(tǒng)流動的研究具有空前的意義。所以研究連續(xù)油管管內(nèi)流動具有必要的意義。本論文在前人的研究基礎(chǔ)上,將理論模型的分析研究、連續(xù)油管鉆井系統(tǒng)實驗和數(shù)值模擬計算三種方法相相結(jié)合；其目的(1)通過實驗總結(jié)連續(xù)油管管內(nèi)流動特性與理論模型計算結(jié)果相結(jié)合篩選并驗證理論模型的正確性和適用性。 (2)總結(jié)、篩選目前連續(xù)油管管內(nèi)流體的數(shù)值模擬計算方法,結(jié)合理論模型計算結(jié)果對比并修正和完善數(shù)值模擬計算模型。 (3)同樣結(jié)合連續(xù)油管鉆井系統(tǒng)實驗數(shù)據(jù)修正、完善理論模型和數(shù)值模擬計算模型。最終得到一套完整的理論、實驗、數(shù)值模擬的模型為以后的連續(xù)油管鉆井起到指導(dǎo)意義。完成了理論模型分析和計算機數(shù)值模擬計算研究,進行了不同流體和不同盤管規(guī)格以及考慮并進行了井下工具流動實驗,最后將系統(tǒng)的理論計算、實驗結(jié)果、數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果進行對比,得到以下結(jié)論： (1)綜合分析連續(xù)油管鉆井系統(tǒng)各部分理論計算模型,提出一套系統(tǒng)的理論計算模型。 (2)通過對盤管段連續(xù)管內(nèi)牛頓流和非牛頓流計算機數(shù)值模擬計算,分析了4種數(shù)值計算模型,最終推薦選取標準K-epsilon模型并考慮粗糙厚度影響的數(shù)值模擬計算模型。并與理論計算結(jié)果進行對比,結(jié)果表明模型的正確性和適用性； (3)通過4種介質(zhì)、3種滾筒規(guī)格以及考慮模擬井下工具組合的連續(xù)管鉆井系統(tǒng)流動模擬實驗研究,可得到如下結(jié)論：流體在盤管內(nèi)流動時,盤管的彎曲曲率對壓力損失確實有一定的影響因素,但在一定的范圍內(nèi),對連續(xù)油管流體摩阻損失影響不大；用添加聚合物的試驗流體進行連續(xù)油管流動實驗呈現(xiàn)了減阻效應(yīng),其中黃原膠液以及兩種模擬鉆井液均出現(xiàn)了強烈的減阻現(xiàn)象；當全接和不接井下工具組合時,對實際連續(xù)油管內(nèi)流動壓力損失影響不大。 (4)通過對理論計算和實驗結(jié)果進行對比,采用牛頓流進行連續(xù)油管鉆井時,利用Colebrook-White的粗糙管計算模型和實際更接近。對于非牛頓流,必須得到針對具體流動介質(zhì)的減阻率曲線,否則理論計算模型明顯偏大,不適用； (5)通過數(shù)值模擬計算和實驗結(jié)果的對比,針對連續(xù)油管螺旋屈曲管段的計算可以得到以下結(jié)論：與盤管相比,螺旋屈曲管段的壓力損失明顯偏大,在同等尺寸螺距情況下,油套徑向間隙越小,壓力損失就越大。
[Abstract]:Coiled Tubing is also known as a flexible tubing in industry. During the Second World War, it appeared in industrial applications and gradually attracted the attention of the oil industry since 1960s. So far, it has been for more than 50 years. Continuous tubing drilling (Coiled Tubing Drilling, abbreviated as CTD) technology The application and development of the operation began in the 90s of the last century. With the application of continuous tubing in oil drilling, the size of continuous tubing has been changed by a series of changes in practical application, and the size has gradually increased. At first the experts predicted that the continuous tubing drilling technology may be confined to the straight well drilling, but with the continuity of continuous oil pipe drilling. With the increasing innovation of oil pipe drilling technology, it is impossible for people to imagine that it can also be used in directional and horizontal wells. Under the situation of rapid increase in cost of drilling and falling oil price, under the condition of low oil price and operating cost, the only way to reduce the cost of drilling and to improve the efficiency of drilling has been the only way to solve the current situation of the oil industry. So the market for continuous tubing drilling in the future oil industry will become more and more large and the quantity will increase greatly. In fact, at the end of the 20 50s, the advanced researchers have developed the continuous tubing operating machine through continuous exploration, because of their poor adaptability and continuous tubing drilling technology and matching. The continuous tubing drilling technology has not really entered the oil drilling industry until 1990s. As of now, the application of continuous tubing drilling in the oil industry mainly include the drilling new well, the old well deepened, the horizontal well directional well and the underbalanced continuous tubing. When it flows through the spiral pipe, the different spiral buckling causes the centrifugal force of the fluid to change continuously, and there are two flow phenomena, and the resistance to the fluid is very large. Therefore, the flow characteristics of the pipe in the continuous tubing drilling process are clearly calculated and the power of the pump in the design of the continuous tubing operation is calculated. The bottom hole pressure and the maximum wellhead pressure are particularly important. So it is of unprecedented significance to study the flow of the continuous tubing system. Therefore, it is necessary to study the flow in the continuous tubing pipe. On the basis of the previous research, the analysis and research of the theoretical model, the experiment of the continuous oil pipe drilling system and the numerical simulation calculation are three kinds of research. The purpose (1) is to sum up the correctness and applicability of the theoretical model by combining the flow characteristics in the continuous tubing pipe with the theoretical model calculation results and to verify the correctness and applicability of the theoretical model. (2) to sum up, select the numerical simulation method of the current fluid in the continuous tubing pipe, and compare the results of the theoretical model and improve and improve the calculation results. Numerical simulation model. (3) combining the experimental data of continuous tubing drilling system to improve the theoretical model and numerical simulation model. Finally, a complete set of theoretical, experimental and numerical simulation models for continuous tubing drilling will be of guiding significance. The theoretical model analysis and computer numerical simulation calculation are completed. In the study, different fluid and different coil specifications were carried out and the downhole tool flow experiments were taken into consideration. Finally, the theoretical calculation, experimental results and numerical simulation results were compared, and the following conclusions were obtained: (1) comprehensive analysis of the theoretical calculation model of the various parts of the continuous tubing drilling system and a set of systematic theoretical calculation models were put forward. (2) 4 numerical models are analyzed by numerical simulation of Newtonian and non Newtonian flow in pipe section continuous tube. Finally, the numerical simulation model is recommended to select the standard K-epsilon model and consider the influence of rough thickness. The results are compared with the theoretical calculation results, and the results show the correctness and applicability of the model. (3) through the study of 4 kinds of medium, 3 kinds of drum specifications and the flow simulation experiments of continuous pipe drilling system considering the combination of simulated downhole tools, the following conclusions are obtained: when the fluid flows in the coil, the bending curvature of the coil does have certain influence on the pressure loss, but in a certain range, the friction loss of the continuous tubing fluid is lost. The effect of the experimental fluid on the continuous tubing flow was reduced by the addition of the experimental fluid added with the polymer, of which the xanthan glue and the two simulated drilling fluids all had a strong drag reduction phenomenon. When the whole and the unconnected tools were not connected, there was little effect on the flow pressure loss in the actual continuous tubing. (4) through the theory of the theory Compared with the experimental results, when using Newton flow for continuous tubing drilling, the calculation model of Colebrook-White's rough pipe is closer. For non Newton flow, the drag reduction curve must be obtained for the specific flow medium, otherwise the theoretical calculation model is obviously larger and not applicable; (5) numerical simulation and experiment are carried out. Compared with the helical buckling tube section of the continuous tubing, we can get the following conclusion: compared with the coil, the pressure loss of the spiral tube section is obviously larger. Under the same size, the smaller the radial clearance, the greater the pressure loss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE24

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 李盛元;劉寧寧;李勇;;流體流經(jīng)垂直彎管時內(nèi)部流場的數(shù)值模擬[J];東北電力大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2009年01期

2 徐梅;連續(xù)油管作業(yè)中摩擦壓力損失的預(yù)測[J];國外石油機械;1999年01期

3 馬東軍;李根生;黃中偉;牛繼磊;侯成;劉明娟;李敬彬;;連續(xù)油管側(cè)鉆徑向水平井循環(huán)系統(tǒng)壓耗計算模型[J];石油勘探與開發(fā);2012年04期

4 賀益英,趙懿s，

本文編號：2091158