本文關(guān)鍵詞：油田區(qū)土壤石油烴組分殘留特性研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

油田區(qū)土壤石油烴組分殘留特性研究

Compositions and Residual Properties of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Contaminated Soil of the Oilfields

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

HU Dil＇2, LI Chuan ＇ , DONG Qian-qian1＇3 , LI Li-ming1＇2 , LI Guang-he1＇2（1. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. State Key Joint Laboratory

[1]清華大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院,北京100084; [2]清華大學(xué)環(huán)境模擬與污染控制國家重點(diǎn)聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室,北京100084; [3]中國市政工程中南設(shè)計(jì)研究總院有限公司,武漢430015

文章摘要：為了揭示石油開采區(qū)土壤石油烴組成及殘留特性，探討石油污染物的來源與風(fēng)化程度，采集了勝利油田孤島和河口采油區(qū)共5口油井周邊土壤樣品及原油樣品，利用氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀（GC—MS）分析原油及土壤樣品中的鏈烷烴（正烷烴＋姥鮫烷＋植烷）及多環(huán)芳烴（polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons，PAHs）共51種石油烴單體的含量．結(jié)果表明，與原油相比，油田區(qū)土壤總提取物中鏈烷烴與PAHs所占的比例明顯偏低；土壤石油烴的組分構(gòu)成與原油相比，鏈烷烴中碳數(shù)小于12的正烷烴比例明顯降低，而高碳數(shù)正烷烴比例增加．選擇正十八烷／植烷作為指示土壤風(fēng)化程度的標(biāo)志，，利用主成分分析（principalcomponentanalysis，PCA）法分析其與土壤中各石油烴組分的關(guān)系，結(jié)果顯示碳數(shù)大于33的正烷烴與中環(huán)芳香烴具有高殘留性．利用主成分分析綜合分析用于土壤石油烴來源識別的4個(gè)指標(biāo)，結(jié)果表明，土壤中的石油烴具有明顯的原油“指紋”．研究結(jié)果為油田土壤污染特性的認(rèn)識提供了依據(jù)與基礎(chǔ)．

Abstr：The aims of this study were to determine the compositions and residual properties of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil, as well as to identify the source and weathering degree of the pollution. A total of 5 producing wells in Gudao and Hekou oil producing region of Shengli oilfields were analyzed. More than 50 individual target compounds including straight-and branched-chain alkanes（ n-alkanes, pristine and phytane ）and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in soil samples and crude oil were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. The percentages of chain alkanes and PAHs in total solvent extractable matters（TSEM） of soil samples were both much lower than those in the crude oil samples. The compositions of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil samples differed from those in crude oil, which indicated the n-alkanes with carbon numbers 〈 12 were much easier to lose in contrast to the n- alkanes with high carbon numbers. With n-octadecane/phytane as index for the weathering rate of oil contaminated soils, the relationship between the index and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds was analyzed using principal component analysis （PCA）. The results showed that the n-alkanes with carbon numbers 〉 33 and the PAHs with rings between 3 and 5 were much harder to degrade. PCA of 4 indexes for source identification revealed more than 50% of the soil samples were polluted by crude oil, which needs more attention during remediation.

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:soil petroleum hydrocarbon composition residual property source identification

課題項(xiàng)目：環(huán)境保護(hù)公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)（201009016）

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：油田區(qū)土壤石油烴組分殘留特性研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。