本文選題：水淹層 + 巖石物理相��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,隨著勘探開(kāi)發(fā)的不斷深入,我國(guó)大多數(shù)注水開(kāi)發(fā)油田已陸續(xù)進(jìn)入中高含水期,剩余油分布復(fù)雜;同時(shí),隨著注水開(kāi)發(fā)的進(jìn)行,儲(chǔ)層不斷被改造,非均質(zhì)性加強(qiáng),早期的水淹層評(píng)價(jià)方法已不再適用；此外,隨著全球石油資源的不斷減少,石油工作者所面臨的地質(zhì)狀況也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,以上因素直接導(dǎo)致水淹層評(píng)價(jià)工作困難。在當(dāng)前階段,有針對(duì)性的建立一套精細(xì)、適合油田開(kāi)發(fā)特征的水淹層評(píng)價(jià)方法是實(shí)現(xiàn)油田穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、增產(chǎn)的根本手段,因此,開(kāi)展水淹層測(cè)井資料綜合解釋方法研究是十分有必要的。L油田是渤海灣盆地的一個(gè)高產(chǎn)油田,1993年開(kāi)始投產(chǎn),2002年日產(chǎn)量達(dá)到12500立方米,隨后含水率逐漸上升,產(chǎn)量下降：2000年Ⅱ期投產(chǎn),目前注水開(kāi)發(fā)21年,綜合含水達(dá)到70%以上,原油為重質(zhì)稠油,層間矛盾突出,注入水突進(jìn)現(xiàn)象明顯,非均質(zhì)性較強(qiáng),注水系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜。為控水穩(wěn)油、避開(kāi)強(qiáng)水淹層位,必須針對(duì)油田實(shí)際特點(diǎn),通過(guò)技術(shù)攻關(guān)研究,開(kāi)展水淹層測(cè)井綜合評(píng)價(jià)研究,預(yù)測(cè)剩余油分布,進(jìn)而更好的指導(dǎo)后期剩余油的深度挖潛。本文以L油田的實(shí)際地質(zhì)特點(diǎn)、開(kāi)發(fā)特點(diǎn)為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)對(duì)巖石物理實(shí)驗(yàn)資料進(jìn)行綜合分析,采用巖石物理相劃分的方法,對(duì)研究區(qū)水淹層展開(kāi)精細(xì)解釋,通過(guò)研究取得如下幾個(gè)方面的成果和認(rèn)識(shí)：(1)通過(guò)對(duì)研究區(qū)儲(chǔ)層物性資料、鑄體薄片資料、掃描電鏡資料、錄井資料、壓汞資料等進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,結(jié)合區(qū)域的地質(zhì)沉積狀況、成巖相的特點(diǎn)將研究區(qū)儲(chǔ)層劃分為Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ共四種儲(chǔ)層類(lèi)型,Ⅰ類(lèi)相為研究區(qū)儲(chǔ)集物性最好的儲(chǔ)層,主要為弱溶蝕相,以河口壩中上部、水下分流河道為主；Ⅱ類(lèi)相儲(chǔ)集物性較Ⅰ類(lèi)差,主要為膠結(jié)相,以河口壩中下部、遠(yuǎn)砂壩中上部為主；Ⅲ類(lèi)相次之,主要為充填相,以河口壩、遠(yuǎn)砂壩下部為主；Ⅳ類(lèi)相物性最差,為壓實(shí)相,發(fā)育于水動(dòng)力條件弱的支流間灣。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)油層電阻率與儲(chǔ)層物性參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)油層電阻率與儲(chǔ)層有效孔隙度之間有著較好的相關(guān)性,從而建立了研究區(qū)的原始地層電阻率反演模型,通過(guò)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的應(yīng)用,證明了反演模型的適用性。(3)根據(jù)建立的巖石物理相劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)研究區(qū)的巖電實(shí)驗(yàn)資料以及油水相對(duì)滲透率資料進(jìn)行分類(lèi)處理,建立了每一類(lèi)相的巖電參數(shù)模型以及油水相對(duì)滲透率模型。各類(lèi)相之間的巖電參數(shù)存在較大差異,油水相對(duì)滲透率隨著含水飽和度的變化關(guān)系也存在較大的差異。(4)L油田的注入水變化復(fù)雜,初期注入海水,后期改為污水回注,目前注入來(lái)自館陶組的地層水。針對(duì)研究區(qū)的實(shí)際特點(diǎn),從地層導(dǎo)電機(jī)理出發(fā),以巖石物理相為基礎(chǔ),建立了一套適用于研究區(qū)的水淹層混合液地層水電阻率的動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)方法,為水淹層的定量綜合解釋奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(5)通過(guò)研究區(qū)部分新鉆調(diào)整井進(jìn)行綜合分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)研究區(qū)剩余油主要受沉積韻律、井距、斷層控制。在滲透率級(jí)差小于5的反韻律地層,水的重力影響占主導(dǎo)作用,表現(xiàn)為中下部水淹較嚴(yán)重,剩余油主要分布在頂部；當(dāng)滲透率級(jí)差大于5時(shí),儲(chǔ)層的物性影響占主導(dǎo)作用,表現(xiàn)為儲(chǔ)層中上部水淹,剩余油主要分布在中下部；正韻律、均質(zhì)韻律地層表現(xiàn)為中下部水淹嚴(yán)重,剩余油主要分布在頂部。
[Abstract]:At present, with the deepening of exploration and development, most of the water flooding development fields in China have entered the middle and high water cut period, and the remaining oil is complicated. At the same time, with the development of water injection, the reservoir is constantly reformed, the heterogeneity is strengthened, and the early water flooded evaluation method is no longer applicable. In addition, with the continuous reduction of the global oil resources, The geological condition of the oil workers is becoming more and more complex, and the above factors directly lead to the difficulty in the evaluation of water flooded layers. At the present stage, it is necessary to establish a set of fine water flooded layer evaluation method suitable for the characteristics of oil field development, which is the fundamental means to realize the stable production and increase production of the oil fields. Therefore, the comprehensive interpretation of the logging data of water flooded layers is carried out. Method research is a very necessary.L oilfield, a high-yielding oilfield in the Bohai Bay Basin, which started production in 1993. The production reached 12500 cubic meters in 2002. Then the water content increased gradually and the output decreased. In 2000 II, the production was put into production. At present, the water injection was developed for 21 years, the comprehensive water content reached over 70%, the crude oil was heavy heavy oil, and the contradiction between the layers was prominent. In order to control water and avoid strong water flooded horizon, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive evaluation research on logging in water flooded layer, predict the distribution of remaining oil, and better point out the depth of remaining oil in the later period. This paper is based on the actual situation of L oilfield. Quality characteristics and development characteristics are based on the comprehensive analysis of experimental data of rock physics, using the method of petrophysical phase division to elaborate the water flooded zone in the study area. Through the study, the results and knowledge are obtained as follows: (1) through the material data of the reservoir, the sheet material of the cast, the scanning electron microscope data, Well data and mercury pressure data are analyzed in detail. According to the geological sedimentary status of the region and the characteristics of the diagenetic facies, the reservoir is divided into four types, i. e., I, II, III and IV. The type I phase is the best reservoir in the study area, mainly the weak dissolution phase, the upper part of the river mouth dam, the underwater distributary channel, and the phase II reservoir. Compared with the type I, it is mainly cementing phase, mainly in the middle and lower part of the estuary dam and the middle and upper part of the far sand dam, and the third category is the main filling phase, which is mainly filled with the estuarine dam and the lower part of the far sand dam, and the phase IV phase is the worst, which is a compacted phase, which is developed in the weak interbranch bay with weak hydrodynamic conditions. (2) through the analysis of the resistivity of the oil layer and the physical property of the reservoir, There is a good correlation between the resistivity of the present reservoir and the effective porosity of the reservoir, thus the inversion model of the original formation resistivity in the study area has been established. The applicability of the inversion model is proved by the application in the field. (3) the experimental data of the rock and the relative permeability of the oil and water and the relative permeability of the oil and water are made on the basis of the standard of the petrophysical phase division established. The data are classified and processed, the rock electrical parameters model of each phase and the relative permeability model of oil and water are established. There are great differences between the parameters of the various phases. The relative permeability of oil and water has great difference with the change of water saturation. (4) the injection water of L oilfield is complicated, the initial injection of seawater and the later period are changed to At present, the sewage reinjection is injected into the formation water from the Guantao group. According to the actual characteristics of the study area, based on the formation mechanism of the stratum, based on the rock physical phase, a set of dynamic evaluation method is established for the water and water resistivity of the water flooded layer, which is suitable for the study area, which has laid the foundation for the quantitative comprehensive interpretation of the water flooded layer. (5) through the study The residual oil in the study area is mainly composed of sedimentary rhythm, well spacing and fault control. The gravity influence of water is dominant in the anti prosody stratum with the permeability difference less than 5, which shows that the water flooding in the middle and lower parts is more serious and the remaining oil is mainly distributed on the top; when the permeability difference is greater than 5, the physical property of the reservoir is more than 5. The influence is dominated by water flooding in the middle and upper part of the reservoir, and the remaining oil is mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts, and the normal rhythmic strata are characterized by serious water flooding in the middle and lower parts, and the remaining oil is mainly distributed on the top.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE31

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