本文選題：水力噴砂壓裂 + 噴砂器�。� 參考：《東北石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水力噴砂射孔壓裂是將射孔工藝、壓裂工藝“一體化”的新型增儲上產(chǎn)、改造地層流道、提高導流能力的重要舉措,相對于傳統(tǒng)的爆炸射孔、然后再壓裂具有得天獨厚的優(yōu)勢。噴嘴的性能和使用壽命直接影響水力噴砂射孔壓裂的最終效果,同時對降低壓裂施工時間、實現(xiàn)施工提質(zhì)提速、獲得更高經(jīng)濟效益具有至關重要的作用,對噴嘴材質(zhì)選擇和不同形狀噴嘴、不同錐角噴嘴在高速射流時內(nèi)部流場特性研究是必要的。同時在確保施工安全的前提下創(chuàng)新壓裂方式,從減少支撐劑通過噴嘴數(shù)量為切入點,如何優(yōu)化壓裂工藝,顯得迫切需要解決。本文對水力噴砂壓裂工藝機理進行了簡要介紹,介紹了從試油到壓裂各具體工序,分析了技術優(yōu)點和工藝適應性條件;選擇了兩種不同噴嘴材質(zhì)進行了磨料磨損對比實驗,選擇了七種不同噴嘴材質(zhì)進行了沖刷磨損對比實驗,得出制作噴嘴的最佳材質(zhì)為陶瓷。建立了四種錐角的噴嘴有限元分析模型,并對其進行力學分析,強度均滿足要求。本文還對壓裂工藝進行了優(yōu)化,從壓裂液注入方式、壓裂井口裝置改造、施工參數(shù)的優(yōu)化等方面進行了研究和嘗試,并以水平井壓裂作為實例,現(xiàn)場應用表明油管注入噴砂射孔、油套環(huán)空注入壓裂的工藝適應于低滲透油氣層套管完井的水平井增儲上產(chǎn)改造;設計的陶瓷噴嘴能夠有效射穿套管、水泥環(huán)和目的地層,噴嘴磨蝕較小,噴槍本體無明顯損壞,滿足連續(xù)施工要求,為下步推廣提供了可行性的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic sand blasting perforation fracturing is an important measure to increase reservoir production, improve formation flow channel and improve conductivity by combining perforation technology and fracturing technology. Compared with traditional explosive perforation, hydraulic sand blasting perforation has unique advantages. The performance and service life of the nozzle directly affect the final effect of hydraulic sand blasting perforation fracturing. At the same time, it is very important to reduce the time of fracturing, to improve the quality and speed of operation, and to obtain higher economic benefit. It is necessary to study the internal flow field characteristics of nozzle with different shapes and different conical angles at high speed jet. At the same time, under the premise of ensuring the safety of operation, it is urgent to solve the problem of how to optimize the fracturing process from reducing the number of proppant through nozzles. In this paper, the mechanism of hydraulic sand blasting fracturing technology is briefly introduced, the concrete working procedures from oil testing to fracturing are introduced, the technical advantages and process adaptability conditions are analyzed, and two different nozzle materials are selected for abrasive wear contrast experiments. Seven kinds of nozzle materials were selected to carry out scour and wear contrast experiment, and the best material for nozzle was ceramic. The finite element analysis model of four kinds of nozzle with conical angle is established, and the mechanical analysis is carried out. The strength of the nozzle meets the requirement. In this paper, the fracturing technology is optimized, including fracturing fluid injection mode, fracturing wellhead device modification, optimization of operation parameters, and taking horizontal well fracturing as an example. Field application shows that tubing injection and sand blasting perforation, oil casing injection and fracturing are suitable for the production improvement of horizontal wells with casing completion in low permeability reservoirs, and the designed ceramic nozzles can effectively perforate the casing, cement ring and destination layers. The nozzle erosion is small and the spray gun body is not obviously damaged, which meets the requirements of continuous construction and provides a feasible basis for the next promotion.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.1

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