本文選題：端胺基超支化聚合物 + 抑制劑　； 參考：《西南石油大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在頁巖氣鉆井過程中,頁巖中大量的膨潤土礦物遇水易發(fā)生水化膨脹、分散,給井壁穩(wěn)定性帶來了一定的隱患。近年來,針對這一問題國內(nèi)外學者開發(fā)了一系列抑制劑并取得了不一的實際效果,這些抑制劑大部分以線性聚合物為基礎來抑制膨潤土的水化膨脹、分散。為從分子結構上尋求一定的創(chuàng)新性,本文開發(fā)出一種超支化結構的聚合物抑制劑,并探討其結構與性能間的關系。本文以乙二胺和丙烯酸甲酯為原料,通過邁克爾加成反應合成了 AB2單體,并通過AB2單體間的縮聚反應制備出端胺基超支化聚合物Hyperbranched-NH2。在此基礎上,以線性膨脹率為評價標準,優(yōu)化了其最優(yōu)合成條件為:乙二胺和丙烯酸甲酯的摩爾比為1:1,在100℃、120℃與140℃各聚合2小時。通過紅外光譜與核磁共振氫譜分析得知聚合過程為酯與胺的親核取代,聚合產(chǎn)物Hyperbranched-NH2含有伯胺,仲酰胺等抑制官能團。通過飛行時間質(zhì)譜儀分析得知合成的Hyperbranched-NH2其分子量主要分布在200-1200這一范圍,通過環(huán)境掃描電子顯微鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)了 Hyperbranched-NH2含有超支化聚合物典型的“準球型”結構。通過線性膨脹實驗、熱滾回收實驗和流變性實驗分別對Hyperbranched-NH2進行了性能評價。結論表明,3%的Hyperbranched-NH2水溶液其2小時和16小時的線性膨脹率分別僅為3.49%和11.42%,110℃熱滾16小時后的熱滾回收率為60.79%,其抑制效果與常用的抑制劑效果相當。流變性測試結果表明準球型的Hyperbranched-NH2對鉆井液基漿體系的粘度影響較小,給其他添加劑的加入提供了較大的空間。在Hyperbranched-NH2和膨潤土作用機理分析中,Zeta電位的測試結果表明Hyperbranched-NH2能有效地降低膨潤土晶層水化膜厚度與膨潤土顆粒Zeta電位的絕對值,黏土顆粒的Zeta電位從-40mV減少為-12.9mV。在紅外光譜分析中,證實了Hyperbranched-NH2末端質(zhì)子化的伯胺官能團與膨潤土之間形成了穩(wěn)定、有序的氫鍵結構。XRD的測試結果證實了 Hyperbranched-NH2可以插層進入膨潤土晶層間阻止其滲透水化,使膨潤土的層間距由1.23019nm增加至1.39298nm。在粒徑分析中,加入3%Hyperbranched-NH2的基漿其膨潤土微粒的中值粒徑為8.384nm,相比空白基漿其中值粒徑增大了 4.018nm,說明準球型的Hyperbranched-NH2可以橋聯(lián)分散在水溶液中的膨潤土微粒,相比其他抑制劑,其粒徑的分布更加窄而均一,說明其與膨潤土之間的作用更加均勻、全面。在絮凝試驗中,Hyperbranched-NH2也表現(xiàn)出較好的絮凝能力,其絮凝膨潤土的效果與SDJA和Ultrahib這些強抑制劑的絮凝能力相當。通過對其他鉆井液添加劑的優(yōu)選、復配與評價,最后確立了一套綜合性能良好的鉆井液體系:4%膨潤土 + 0.24%Na2C03+ 3%Hyperbranched-NH2+ 0.4%FA-367 + 2.5%SPNH + 1.5%SMP-1+0.5%石墨+重晶石。鉆井液的綜合測試表明,該體系具有優(yōu)良的抑制性、流變性、降濾失性、潤滑性與耐溫耐鹽性,具有較好的應用前景。
[Abstract]:In the process of shale gas drilling, a large number of bentonite minerals in shale are easily hydrated and dilated in water, which brings some hidden trouble to the stability of wellbore. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have developed a series of inhibitors and achieved different results. Most of these inhibitors are based on linear polymers to inhibit the hydration expansion and dispersion of bentonite. In order to find a certain innovation in molecular structure, a polymer inhibitor with hyperbranched structure was developed and the relationship between its structure and properties was discussed. In this paper, AB2 monomer was synthesized by Michael addition reaction from ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate, and hyperbranched-NH2 was prepared by condensation reaction between AB2 monomers. On this basis, the linear expansion rate was used as the evaluation standard, and the optimum synthesis conditions were optimized as follows: the molar ratio of ethylenediamine to methyl acrylate was 1: 1, polymerization at 100 鈩，

本文編號：2056928