本文選題：水平井注水泥 + 偏心環(huán)空��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)注水泥設(shè)計的計算部分如泵壓、循環(huán)壓耗等,由人工計算足以勝任,但涉及到U型管效應(yīng)等動態(tài)的復(fù)雜計算時,純?nèi)斯び嬎愎ぷ髁烤薮?結(jié)果誤差大。選用合理準(zhǔn)確的計算模型,使用計算機(jī)技術(shù)對注水泥的整個流動過程進(jìn)行研究,不僅能得到更精確的計算結(jié)果,且能對整個注水泥過程進(jìn)行預(yù)測與計算,為安全、高效、可控的注水泥施工作業(yè)提供了依據(jù)。在整個注水泥流動過程計算中,選擇合理的注水泥頂替效率計算模型及U型管效應(yīng)計算模型是其重要部分。水平井注水泥作業(yè)中,提高注水泥頂替效率是提高固井質(zhì)量的前提。目前對于水平井頂替效率研究的主要手段有施工現(xiàn)場的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計及室內(nèi)實驗,水平井頂替效率的數(shù)學(xué)模型研究還不充分。為了定量研究水平井注水泥頂替效率的影響因素,為室內(nèi)實驗及現(xiàn)場固井施工提供指導(dǎo)性建議,提高固井質(zhì)量,降低室內(nèi)實驗及固井施工成本,本文針對水平井,應(yīng)用微元分析法對鉆井液微元體進(jìn)行受力分析,根據(jù)注水泥過程中鉆井液被驅(qū)替達(dá)到穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)時的平衡條件,建立了水平井偏心環(huán)空中鉆井液滯留層厚度計算模型,進(jìn)而得到注水泥頂替效率模型,分別分析了偏心度、井斜角、鉆井液屈服應(yīng)力及水泥漿流變參數(shù)對水平井注水泥頂替效率的影響。計算結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)套管偏心度增大時,環(huán)空窄間隙處頂替效率急劇下降,嚴(yán)重影響固井質(zhì)量;鉆井液靜切力增大時,鉆井液滯留層厚度增加,環(huán)空窄間隙處滯留層厚度增加明顯,固井時應(yīng)盡量保證套管居中,同時盡量降低鉆井液靜切力。注水泥作業(yè)時,要取得良好的固井質(zhì)量,須嚴(yán)格控制各隨注水泥施工時間而改變的參數(shù)及井底環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定情況,傳統(tǒng)注水泥設(shè)計中,對注水泥流動過程的計算進(jìn)行了簡化,只涉及理想狀態(tài)下的環(huán)空流態(tài)判斷、井下壓力計算、泵壓計算等,忽略了由井內(nèi)流體密度差引起的U型管效應(yīng)的影響。當(dāng)前注水泥的U型管效應(yīng)計算模型只適用于直井注水泥過程,缺乏對水平井注水泥的U型管效應(yīng)研究,本文針對水平井注水泥的流動過程,用歐拉微分方程對水平井的注水泥流動過程進(jìn)行了研究,得到了水平井U型管效應(yīng)計算模型。針對水平井的注水泥流動過程計算結(jié)果表明,水平井注水泥時會發(fā)生U型管效應(yīng),影響環(huán)空注水泥流速,降低水泥漿對鉆井液的紊流驅(qū)替時間,降低注水泥頂替效率。本文根據(jù)上述水平井頂替效率計算模型和水平井U型管效應(yīng)計算模型,在Visual Studio 2013開發(fā)平臺下,基于SQL Server 2008數(shù)據(jù)庫和WPF框架,運用C#語言開發(fā)了水平井注水泥流動過程計算軟件。該軟件在常規(guī)注水泥設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)上,重點計算水平井注水泥頂替效率及整個注水泥的井內(nèi)流動過程。軟件運行穩(wěn)定、各模型計算結(jié)果可靠,可計算及預(yù)測水平井注水泥井內(nèi)流動過程,為現(xiàn)場施工及室內(nèi)實驗提供理論依據(jù)及參考。
[Abstract]:The calculation part of traditional cement injection design, such as pump pressure, circulating pressure consumption and so on, is competent enough by manual calculation, but when it involves the complex calculation of dynamic calculation such as U-shaped pipe effect, the workload of pure manual calculation is huge and the result error is large. Choosing a reasonable and accurate calculation model and using computer technology to study the whole flow process of cement injection can not only obtain more accurate calculation results, but also predict and calculate the whole cementing process, which is safe and efficient. The controllable cementing construction provides the basis. In the calculation of the whole cement-injection flow process, it is important to choose a reasonable model for calculating the displacement efficiency of cement injection and a model for calculating the U-shaped pipe effect. In horizontal well cementing operation, the premise of improving cementing quality is to improve the displacement efficiency of cement injection. At present, the main methods of horizontal well displacement efficiency research are data statistics and laboratory experiments, but the mathematical model of horizontal well displacement efficiency is not enough. In order to quantitatively study the influencing factors of cement displacement efficiency in horizontal wells, provide guidance suggestions for laboratory experiments and field cementing construction, improve cementing quality and reduce the cost of laboratory experiments and cementing construction, this paper aims at horizontal wells. The force of drilling fluid microelement is analyzed by microelement analysis method. According to the equilibrium condition of drilling fluid displacement in stable state during cement injection, a model for calculating the thickness of drilling fluid retention layer in eccentric annulus in horizontal well is established. The effects of eccentricity, inclined angle, yield stress of drilling fluid and rheological parameters of cement slurry on the displacement efficiency of cement injection in horizontal wells were analyzed. The results show that when the casing eccentricity increases, the displacement efficiency at the narrow annulus decreases sharply, which seriously affects the cementing quality, and when the static shear force of the drilling fluid increases, the remaining layer thickness of the drilling fluid increases. The thickness of the remaining layer in narrow annular gap increases obviously, so the casing should be kept in the middle and the static shear force of drilling fluid should be reduced as much as possible in cementing. In order to obtain good cementing quality in cementing operation, the parameters changed with the cementing time and the stability of the bottom hole environment must be strictly controlled. In the traditional cement injection design, the calculation of the cementing flow process is simplified. Only the judgment of annular flow in ideal condition, the calculation of downhole pressure and pump pressure, etc., but the influence of U-tube effect caused by the density difference of fluid in the well is neglected. At present, the calculation model of U-tube effect of cement injection is only suitable for the process of cement injection in straight wells, but there is no research on the U-tube effect of cement injection in horizontal wells. This paper aims at the flow process of cement injection in horizontal wells. The flow process of cement injection in horizontal wells is studied by using Euler differential equation, and the calculation model of U-tube effect in horizontal wells is obtained. The calculation results of cement injection flow in horizontal wells show that the U-tube effect will occur in horizontal wells, which will affect the flow velocity of cementing in annulus, reduce the turbulent displacement time of cement slurry to drilling fluid and reduce the displacement efficiency of cement injection. Based on the calculation model of displacement efficiency of horizontal well and the calculation model of U-shaped pipe effect in horizontal well, based on SQL Server 2008 database and WPF framework, the calculation software of horizontal well cementing flow process is developed in C # language under the development platform of Visual Studio 2013. On the basis of the conventional cement injection design, the software focuses on the calculation of the displacement efficiency of cement injection in horizontal wells and the in-well flow process of the whole cement injection. The software runs stably and the calculation results of each model are reliable. It can be used to calculate and predict the flow process in cement injection wells in horizontal wells, which provides theoretical basis and reference for field construction and laboratory experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE256.5

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