本文選題：浮式鉆井平臺 + 塔形井架��； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著深海石油天然氣資源的大量開采,用于深海石油勘探開發(fā)的海洋浮式平臺也將愈加受到重視。而海洋井架作為浮式平臺鉆機起升系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部位,除了受到常規(guī)的靜載作用外,還要受到風、浪和洋流等動載的作用,受力狀況十分復雜。由于我國海洋井架的設計研究尚處于摸索階段,為保障海洋井架結(jié)構(gòu)設計合理、使用安全可靠,開展海洋井架的靜動態(tài)力學性能研究具有十分重要的意義。 本論文以目前海洋鉆井平臺中使用較為廣泛的塔形井架為研究對象,經(jīng)過結(jié)構(gòu)的簡化與假設,建立海洋塔形井架有限元模型。設計建造一定縮尺比的模型井架,對其開展試驗測試與仿真對比研究,來驗證其有限元模型的正確性,進而推廣驗證海洋塔形井架有限元模型的正確性,再開展海洋塔形井架靜動態(tài)力學特性仿真研究。具體研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)根據(jù)實際井架的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),通過合理的簡化與假設,采用Pro/Engineer軟件建立海洋塔形井架幾何模型,并導入ANSYS中,設置單元材料參數(shù)和各桿件截面尺寸,劃分網(wǎng)格,建立海洋塔形井架有限元模型。 (2)依據(jù)海洋塔形井架的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),按照1：14的縮尺比設計建造模型井架,并進行模型井架的靜力測試與模態(tài)測試；根據(jù)模型井架結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),采用與海洋塔形井架相同的建模方法,建立模型井架有限元模型,開展與試驗測試相對應的靜力分析與模態(tài)分析；對比試驗與仿真結(jié)果,驗證模型井架有限元分析模型的正確性,進而推廣驗證海洋塔形井架有限元模型的正確性。 (3)開展海洋塔形井架靜力分析和穩(wěn)定性分析。計算該井架在恒載工況、最大鉆柱重量工況、最大鉤載工況以及三種風浪組合載荷工況下的載荷力,完成海洋塔形井架在各種工況下的靜力仿真分析及靜強度安全評價；對該井架的整體穩(wěn)定性進行分析,來預測該井架的理論屈曲強度,得到其失穩(wěn)臨界載荷。 (4)開展海洋塔形井架動態(tài)力學特性研究,完成塔形井架的模態(tài)分析、起下鉆瞬間的動力學響應分析、周期性升沉載荷下的諧響應分析以及海浪譜間接作用下的譜響應分析。 通過對模型井架的試驗測試與其有限元模型仿真對比,間接的驗證了海洋塔形井架有限元模型的正確性。利用該有限元模型,完成了海洋塔形井架靜動態(tài)力學特性仿真研究,得出該井架的應力分布、變形趨勢以及動態(tài)響應參數(shù),為海洋井架的安全評估和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設計提供理論指導依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the exploitation of deep-sea oil and gas resources, the offshore floating platform for deep-sea oil exploration and development will be paid more and more attention. As the key part of the hoisting system of floating platform drilling rig, the offshore Derrick is not only subjected to the normal static load, but also to the dynamic loads, such as wind, wave and ocean current. Since the design and research of marine Derrick in China is still in the exploratory stage, it is of great significance to study the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the marine Derrick in order to ensure its reasonable design and safe and reliable use. In this paper, the tower Derrick which is widely used in offshore drilling platform is taken as the research object. The finite element model of the tower Derrick is established through the simplification and assumption of the structure. The model Derrick with a certain scale ratio is designed and constructed, and the experimental test and simulation are carried out to verify the correctness of the finite element model, and then the validity of the finite element model of the marine tower Derrick is generalized and verified. The simulation study on static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of marine tower Derrick is carried out. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) according to the structural parameters of actual Derrick, through reasonable simplification and hypothesis, the geometric model of ocean tower Derrick is established by using Pro-Engineer software, and imported into ANSYS. The finite element model of ocean tower Derrick is established by setting up element material parameters and cross section size of each member. According to the structural parameters of ocean tower Derrick, the model Derrick is designed and constructed according to the scale ratio of 1:14. According to the structural parameters of the model Derrick and the same modeling method as the ocean tower Derrick, the finite element model of the model Derrick is established. The static analysis and modal analysis corresponding to the test are carried out, and the validity of the finite element analysis model of the model Derrick is verified by comparing the test results with the simulation results. Then the finite element model of ocean tower Derrick is generalized to verify the correctness of the finite element model. 3) the static analysis and stability analysis of ocean tower Derrick are carried out. The load forces of the Derrick under the conditions of dead load, maximum drill string weight, maximum hook load and three combined wind and wave loads are calculated, and the static simulation analysis and static strength safety evaluation of the marine tower Derrick under various working conditions are completed. The overall stability of the Derrick is analyzed to predict the theoretical buckling strength of the Derrick and to obtain its unstable critical load. The dynamic response analysis, the harmonic response analysis under the cyclic heave load and the spectral response analysis under the indirect action of the wave spectrum are presented. The validity of the finite element model of the marine tower Derrick is indirectly verified by comparing the experimental test of the model Derrick with its finite element model simulation. Using the finite element model, the static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the tower Derrick are simulated, and the stress distribution, deformation trend and dynamic response parameters of the Derrick are obtained. It provides theoretical basis for safety assessment and structural optimization design of marine Derrick.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE951

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