本文選題：壓裂支撐劑回流 + 閉合模型��； 參考：《西安石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：對于低滲致密儲層,壓裂液強制返排技術(shù)是壓裂施工結(jié)束后的常用技術(shù)。其中,裂縫閉合時間和位移的長短、支撐劑是否發(fā)生回流、是該技術(shù)成功與否的關(guān)鍵因素,影響著油井的正常生產(chǎn)和壓裂的效果,直接決定著壓裂液的返排率。裂縫閉合時間和位移的長短,將直接影響到壓裂后裂縫的導流能力。為計算裂縫閉合時間和位移,從以下3方面開展研究:1)為更好模擬壓裂液在裂縫閉合過程中的濾失情況,在考慮壓裂液二維濾失的基礎上,利用物質(zhì)平衡方程建立裂縫強制閉合過程中的壓裂液濾失模型;2)利用物質(zhì)平衡原理和流體力學等相關(guān)知識,建立氣井壓后裂縫強制閉合模型,得到了水力壓裂后在不同放噴油嘴尺寸下,井口壓力隨時間的變化趨勢,計算出裂縫閉合時間和位移;3)分析裂縫閉合時間和位移的影響因素。針對支撐劑回流機理研究,詳細分析了支撐劑運移回流的物理過程。支撐劑是否發(fā)生回流主要取決于返排的壓裂液是否有足夠的速度將最后一段單顆粒支撐劑起動以及放噴油嘴的大小對支撐劑回流的影響兩個方面。通過對注入的最后一段支撐劑中的單顆粒支撐劑的受力分析,建立支撐劑回流的運動模型和起動模型。根據(jù)壓裂液返排的特殊物理過程,建立裂縫強制閉合后油水平面二維兩相流模型,進行數(shù)值差分求解得到裂縫閉合后的返排量,并結(jié)合裂縫強制閉合,即裂縫閉合之前,計算的返排量,求解出壓裂液返排率并分析其影響因素。在理論模型的研究基礎之上,開發(fā)壓裂液返排率優(yōu)化軟件并進行實例計算。
[Abstract]:For low permeability and tight reservoirs, the forced return of fracturing fluid is a common technique after the end of the fracturing construction. In which the length of the fracture closure and the length of the displacement and the reflux of the proppant are the key factors for the success of the technology, it affects the normal production and fracturing effect of the oil well, and directly determines the return rate of the fracturing fluid. The fracture is closed. The length of time and displacement will directly affect the conductivity of the fracture after fracturing. In order to calculate the closing time and displacement of the fracture, the study is carried out from the following 3 aspects: 1) to better simulate the loss of the fracturing fluid during the fracture closure process. On the basis of considering the two-dimensional filtration of the fracturing fluid, the material balance equation is used to establish the forced closure of the fracture. The fracturing fluid filtration model in the process of fracturing; 2) by using the knowledge of the principle of material balance and the related knowledge of fluid mechanics, the forced closure model of the fracture of the gas well is established, and the change trend of the wellhead pressure with the time is obtained after the hydraulic fracturing, and the closing time and displacement of the crack are calculated, and 3) the fracture closure time and position are analyzed. In view of the backflow mechanism of the proppant, the physical process of the reflux of the proppant is analyzed in detail. Whether the backflow of the proppant is reflux depends mainly on the two aspects of the effect of the flow rate of the fracturing fluid on the back row, the starting of the last single particle proppant and the effect of the large small nozzle on the reflux of the proppant. After the force analysis of the single proppant in the last part of the proppant injected, the motion model and the starting model of the reflux of the proppant are established. According to the special physical process of the fracturing fluid reflux, the two-dimensional two-phase flow model of the oil horizontal surface after the forced closure of the fracture is established, and the numerical difference solution is used to obtain the back displacement after the fracture closure. Crack forced closure, that is, before the crack closure, the calculation of the return displacement, solved the return rate of fracturing fluid and analyzed its influencing factors. On the basis of the theoretical model, we developed the optimization software for the return rate of fracturing fluid and carried out an example calculation.
【學位授予單位】：西安石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.12

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本文編號：2037462