本文選題：抽油機(jī) + 四化　； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：抽油機(jī)是油田機(jī)械采油的主要設(shè)備,在油田現(xiàn)役的抽油機(jī)中,多數(shù)為以鉸鏈四桿機(jī)構(gòu)為主機(jī)構(gòu)的游梁式抽油機(jī)。目前,游梁式抽油機(jī)的品種繁多,配件型號(hào)雜,對(duì)采油廠的維修與采購(gòu)帶來了極大的不便,嚴(yán)重影響了油田的生產(chǎn)與化管理。2012年勝利油田召開“四化”建設(shè)啟動(dòng)會(huì),提出“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化設(shè)計(jì)、模塊化建設(shè)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化采購(gòu)、信息化提升”這一具有勝利特色的“四化”管理模式。針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)狀,開展“面向油田的抽油機(jī)四化設(shè)計(jì)研究”具有重要意義,本文結(jié)合勝利油田需求,圍繞游梁式抽油機(jī)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化尺寸設(shè)計(jì)、部件模塊化選型、部件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化采購(gòu)以及選型信息化管理等內(nèi)容展開研究,以期實(shí)現(xiàn)抽油機(jī)的四化管理。本文首先對(duì)勝利油田的抽油機(jī)進(jìn)行了實(shí)用性分析,通過了解油田對(duì)抽油機(jī)的使用情況,對(duì)抽油機(jī)主要故障進(jìn)行分析,分析計(jì)算抽油機(jī)損壞件在故障體系中的權(quán)重,確定了各部件在抽油機(jī)上的地位和作用,選取了抽油機(jī)四化的易損件。并根據(jù)油田不同區(qū)塊的井況及特點(diǎn),篩選出滿足油田使用要求的11種型號(hào)的抽油機(jī)。然后,規(guī)范了油田四化設(shè)計(jì)的模型示工圖,選取了具有代表性的29種模型示工圖作為此次四化的基礎(chǔ),提出了以滿足模型示功圖為設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)的抽油機(jī)基本尺寸四化設(shè)計(jì)方案;分析了影響游梁式抽油機(jī)尺寸的因素,依據(jù)油田實(shí)際情況,對(duì)抽油機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化和規(guī)范,提出了相同沖程的抽油機(jī)2~3種結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的四化設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí),按照模型模型示功圖,對(duì)抽油機(jī)主要構(gòu)件受力進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,按照合理冗余和總體優(yōu)化的觀點(diǎn),按照即合理分布又滿足相似數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的原則,給出了用有限組易損件的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸,滿足受力不同要求,通過分析,使得每種易損件在5類以下;給出易損件間的規(guī)范聯(lián)結(jié)尺寸。根據(jù)模型示功圖設(shè)計(jì)了各易損件的型號(hào)及適用范圍,建立了易損件適用范圍數(shù)據(jù)庫,開發(fā)了抽油機(jī)模塊化組裝軟件,變選購(gòu)產(chǎn)品為定制產(chǎn)品,有效的解決了抽油機(jī)部件的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化設(shè)計(jì),模塊化建設(shè)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化采購(gòu)的問題,可顯著降低油田的采購(gòu)成本和庫存,減少油田抽油機(jī)的維護(hù)成本,提升油田的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:Pumping unit is the main equipment of oil field mechanical oil recovery. In the active pumping unit in oil field, most of the pumping units are beam pumping units with hinged four-bar mechanism. At present, there are many kinds of beam pumping units and various types of accessories, which bring great inconvenience to the maintenance and procurement of oil production plants, and seriously affect the production and management of oil fields. In 2012, Shengli Oilfield held a "four modernizations" construction startup meeting. This paper puts forward the management mode of "standardized design, modular construction, standardized purchasing and information promotion", which has the characteristic of victory. In view of this situation, it is of great significance to carry out the research on the design of four types of pumping units for oilfields. In this paper, according to the requirements of Shengli Oilfield, the standard size design of beam pumping units and the modular selection of components are discussed. In order to realize the four-dimensional management of pumping unit, the standardization of parts purchasing and the information management of type selection are studied in this paper. In this paper, the practicability of pumping unit in Shengli Oilfield is analyzed firstly, and the main faults of pumping unit are analyzed through understanding the application of oil field to the pumping unit, and the weight of damaged parts of pumping unit in the fault system is analyzed and calculated. The position and function of each component in the pumping unit are determined, and the easily damaged parts of the pumping unit are selected. According to the well conditions and characteristics of different blocks of the oil field, 11 types of pumping units which meet the requirements of oil field use are screened out. Then, the model diagram of oil field design is standardized, 29 typical model diagrams are selected as the basis of the four modernizations, and the design scheme of the basic dimensions of pumping units based on the model indicator diagram is put forward. The factors affecting the size of beam pumping unit are analyzed. According to the actual situation of oil field, the basic structure size of pumping unit is optimized and standardized, and the four-way design of 3 kinds of structural parameters of pumping unit with the same stroke is put forward. At the same time, according to the model indicator diagram, the stress of the main components of the pumping unit is systematically analyzed. According to the viewpoint of reasonable redundancy and overall optimization, according to the principle of reasonable distribution and the design of similar number, The structural dimensions of finite groups of easily damaged parts are given, which meet the different requirements of the force. Through analysis, each kind of easily damaged parts is made below five categories, and the size of the standard connection between the damaged parts is given. According to the model indicator diagram, the model and the applicable range of the damaged parts are designed, the database of the applicable range of the damaged parts is established, the modular assembly software of the pumping unit is developed, and the products are changed into custom products. It can effectively solve the problems of standardized design of pumping unit parts, modular construction and standardized procurement, which can significantly reduce the purchasing cost and inventory of oil field, reduce the maintenance cost of oil pumping unit, and improve the economic benefit of oil field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE933.1

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