本文選題：碳球載體 + Fe/C纖維載體��； 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：生物柴油因其具環(huán)境友好、燃燒性能優(yōu)異等特點(diǎn),成為全球石化替代能源研究的熱點(diǎn)。但生物柴油均相酸堿催化劑催化轉(zhuǎn)化過程存在產(chǎn)物分離困難、三廢排放嚴(yán)重以及腐蝕設(shè)備等問題,固體催化劑因其具有反應(yīng)條件溫和、可重復(fù)使用、對環(huán)境污染少等優(yōu)點(diǎn),而被越來越多的生物柴油制備工藝所采用。本研究采用水熱法和凝膠紡絲法分別制得單分散碳球及Fe/C纖維碳基載體,通過負(fù)載三種金屬Fe、Ni、Sn的氧化物制得負(fù)載型固體催化劑。首先,通過SEM、XRD和FTIR等分析手段對這兩種碳基載體催化劑的理化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行表征分析,然后用于催化裂解大豆油制備生物柴油,并檢測其催化性能,研究結(jié)果如下：1)碳基載體的制備條件：當(dāng)葡萄糖濃度為10%、反應(yīng)溫度180℃、反應(yīng)時(shí)間為8h時(shí)碳球顆粒的分散性較好,有利于催化劑的負(fù)載。當(dāng)pH值為6.0,Fe3+：葡萄糖摩爾比為3.0：5.0、空氣濕度小于50%時(shí),Fe/C纖維凝膠前體纖紡絲效果好,Fe/C纖維載體比表面積大,其比表面積(45.635 Am2·kg-1)要遠(yuǎn)大于普通固體顆粒催化劑(一般為2Am2·kgq)2)等離子體對碳基載體及催化劑的影響：低溫等離子體表面改性處理碳球和Fe/C纖維載體,不影響其結(jié)構(gòu)表征特性。低溫等離子體處理負(fù)載催化劑表面可以提高兩種碳載體催化劑的催化活性,平均提高5%的催化轉(zhuǎn)化率。3)不同載體催化劑催化性能：相同碳基載體負(fù)載不催化劑、不同碳基載體負(fù)載相同催化劑,催化大豆油轉(zhuǎn)化生物柴油的效率均存在較明顯的差異,以Fe/C纖維為載體的催化劑催化性能均高于以碳球?yàn)檩d體的催化劑的催化性能,其中以SnO2@Fe/C纖維催化劑催化效率最高(73.56%)。4)大豆油的催化裂解反應(yīng)條件：選用SnO2@Fe/C纖維催化劑為大豆油催化裂解催化劑,通過單因素試驗(yàn),優(yōu)化出裂解反應(yīng)的最佳工藝參數(shù)為：催化劑用量3%(與大豆油的質(zhì)量比)、反應(yīng)溫度450℃、反應(yīng)時(shí)間60 min,生物柴油的實(shí)際產(chǎn)率為83.56%。5)催化裂解生物柴油組成成分：大豆油制備的生物柴油GC-MS成分分析結(jié)果顯示該燃料油中富含烴類化合物,其中烷烴物質(zhì)11種、烯烴物質(zhì)3種、酸類物質(zhì)1種和芳香烴類物質(zhì)5種。綜上所述,所制備的SnO2@Fe/C纖維制備的催化劑相對于傳統(tǒng)的催化劑,催化活性高,低溫等離子體表面處理能顯著提高催化劑的活性,有著良好的發(fā)展前景。
[Abstract]:Biodiesel has become a hotspot in the research of alternative energy sources in the world because of its environmental friendliness and excellent combustion performance. However, in the process of catalytic conversion of biodiesel homogeneous acid-base catalyst, the separation of products is difficult, the discharge of three wastes is serious, and the corrosion equipment and so on. The solid catalyst has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, reusable use and less pollution to the environment. More and more biodiesel preparation processes are used. In this study, monodisperse carbon spheres and Fe / C fiber carbon-based supports were prepared by hydrothermal method and gel spinning method, respectively, and supported solid catalysts were prepared by loading oxides of three kinds of metal Feo Ni Ni Sn. Firstly, the physicochemical properties of the two carbon-based catalysts were characterized by means of SEM XRD and FTIR, and then used for catalytic cracking of soybean oil to produce biodiesel, and their catalytic properties were tested. The results are as follows: when glucose concentration is 10, reaction temperature is 180 鈩，

本文編號：2025785