本文選題：WebGIS + Dijkstra算法�。� 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人們對安全、環(huán)境和生命越來越重視以及油田突發(fā)事件的增多,油田應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)的研究和應(yīng)用越來越廣泛。油田應(yīng)急救援過程中面臨的一個重要的問題就是如何及時、有效的將應(yīng)急資源運送到事故現(xiàn)場,這就涉及到最短路徑問題。最短路徑搜索算法很多,主要包絡(luò)圖論經(jīng)典法、A*算法、人工智能算法等,但經(jīng)過大量研究表明,沒有一種算法是萬能,它們大多是針對某些特定的應(yīng)用,為此本文是在災(zāi)害事件發(fā)生的前提下,結(jié)合WebGIS技術(shù),探討油田應(yīng)急搶險物資車輛的救援路線選擇問題,本文的主要工作如下。第一,建立油田網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。利用分層技術(shù)將油田道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為三個等級,分別是主干路、次干路和通井路,建立油田道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫和屬性數(shù)據(jù)庫,并給出油田道路的部分屬性表,利用ArcMap建立油田道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。第二,針對Dijkstra算法在WebGIS實際應(yīng)用中的不足,提出兩種改進(jìn)方法:1)優(yōu)化WebGIS的空間存儲結(jié)構(gòu),只存儲油田道路拓?fù)湫畔?在進(jìn)行空間分析時,可降低檢索的數(shù)據(jù)量;2)將人工勢場算法中的勢場強度引入到算法中,提出一種新的改進(jìn)的Dijkstra最短路徑搜索算法—A-Dijkstra算法,在進(jìn)行路徑尋優(yōu)分析時,使得最短路徑沿著目標(biāo)點的趨勢進(jìn)行搜索,提高算法的計算效率。第三,面對油田大規(guī)模道路網(wǎng)絡(luò),將道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)分割成為距離均衡的子社區(qū)網(wǎng),首先估計起點到終點的最短路徑長度,再利用限制分層算法,通過刪減掉最短路徑范圍以外的節(jié)點來限制最短路徑搜索區(qū)域,并利用改進(jìn)后的蟻群算法解決油田應(yīng)急搶險中可能會出現(xiàn)的多事故地點待救援問題。第四,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)油田應(yīng)急搶險系統(tǒng)。首先,設(shè)計系統(tǒng)的整體功能與架構(gòu);然后以ASP.NET為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合WebGIS技術(shù)和C#,建立B/S、C/S相結(jié)合的油田應(yīng)急搶險系統(tǒng)模型。最后,對系統(tǒng)各個功能模塊進(jìn)行開發(fā),并且重點對該系統(tǒng)中的事故報警、事故定位、預(yù)案自動匹配、油田搶險物資查詢和路徑尋優(yōu)等功能作詳細(xì)闡述�；赪ebGIS的油田應(yīng)急搶險路徑研究是針對油田應(yīng)急搶險的實際情況,對最短路徑算法進(jìn)行改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化,優(yōu)化后的算法應(yīng)用到油田應(yīng)急搶險系統(tǒng)中,可以有效的提高油田應(yīng)急物資到達(dá)事故現(xiàn)場的效率,并且系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計沒有改變現(xiàn)場操作人員的工作方式,能夠很好地應(yīng)用、服務(wù)于油田應(yīng)急搶險救援。
[Abstract]:As people pay more and more attention to safety, environment and life, and the increase of oil field emergencies, the research and application of oilfield emergency system are more and more extensive. An important problem in the process of oil field emergency rescue is how to transport emergency resources to the accident site in a timely and effective manner, which involves the shortest path problem. There are a lot of shortest path search algorithms, such as A * algorithm based on envelope graph theory, artificial intelligence algorithm and so on. But after a lot of research, it is shown that none of them is omnipotent, and most of them are aimed at some specific applications. In this paper, under the premise of disaster event, combining with WebGIS technology, this paper discusses the problem of selecting the rescue route of emergency relief vehicle in oil field. The main work of this paper is as follows. First, establish the oil field network topology. The oil field road network is divided into three grades by using stratification technology, namely the main road, the secondary trunk road and the Tongjing road. The spatial database and attribute database of the oil field road network are established, and some attribute tables of the oil field road are given. The oil field road network topology is established by ArcMap. Secondly, aiming at the deficiency of Dijkstra algorithm in the application of WebGIS, two improved methods: 1) are put forward to optimize the spatial storage structure of WebGIS. This paper introduces the potential field intensity of artificial potential field algorithm into the algorithm, and proposes a new improved Dijkstra shortest path search algorithm-A-Dijkstra algorithm. The shortest path is searched along the trend of the target point, and the efficiency of the algorithm is improved. Thirdly, in the face of large-scale road network in oil field, the road network is divided into sub-community networks with balanced distance. First, the shortest path length from start to end is estimated, and then the restricted layering algorithm is used. By deleting the nodes outside the shortest path range to limit the shortest path search area, the improved ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem of multiple accident sites waiting for rescue in oil field emergency rescue. Fourth, the design and implementation of oil field emergency rescue system. Firstly, the whole function and architecture of the system are designed, and then, based on ASP. Net, combining WebGIS technology and C#, an oil field emergency rescue system model combining B / S / C / S is established. Finally, every functional module of the system is developed, and the functions of the system, such as accident alarm, accident location, automatic matching of pre-plan, oil field emergency materials query and path optimization, are described in detail. The research of oilfield emergency rescue path based on WebGIS is to improve and optimize the shortest path algorithm in view of the actual situation of oil field emergency rescue, and the optimized algorithm is applied to the oil field emergency rescue system. It can effectively improve the efficiency of oil field emergency supplies to the scene of the accident, and the system design does not change the working mode of field operators, can be well applied to serve the oil field emergency rescue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE48;TP18

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