本文選題：多場耦合 + 多級壓裂�。� 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：頁巖氣已成為我國能源發(fā)展的一個新方向,也將成為我國未來清潔能源的重要組成部分。水平井多級壓裂技術(shù)是目前頁巖氣開發(fā)應(yīng)用最廣泛的方式。近幾年,可以實現(xiàn)無限級壓裂的基于RFID(無線射頻識別)智能滑套的水平井多級壓裂技術(shù)逐漸應(yīng)用到水平井壓裂領(lǐng)域。但是目前該技術(shù)依然存在著標簽球下移速度變化大導(dǎo)致的井口控制困難及井底RFID標簽球通訊效率低的問題。本文以此為背景從以下幾個方面開展了詳細研究。(1)調(diào)研了水平井多級壓裂技術(shù),分析了目前應(yīng)用RFID智能滑套的水平井多級壓裂技術(shù)良好前景以及存在的部分欠缺;調(diào)研了管內(nèi)流體攜載物體運移和多場耦合問題研究現(xiàn)狀,針對性地開展大垂深、大溫差、大壓力變化的耦合作用下管內(nèi)流體攜載物體運移規(guī)律的理論及仿真研究。(2)在考慮地層、環(huán)空流體、管柱導(dǎo)熱情況下,結(jié)合流體力學(xué)連續(xù)性方程、動量守恒方程和能量守恒方程以及傳熱學(xué)中的熱傳遞公式,建立大垂深、大溫差、大壓力變化的壓裂管柱內(nèi)流體溫度場、壓力場、速度場、密度場、粘度場耦合作用數(shù)學(xué)模型,結(jié)合四階龍格-庫塔法與MATLAB軟件對上述數(shù)學(xué)模型進行快速求解,得出沿縱向井深的溫度場、壓力場、速度場、粘度場和密度場的耦合場分布,并研究分析了入口邊界條件對耦合場分布的影響及原因。(3)通過Abaqus軟件對標簽球變形仿真分析方法、COMSOL軟件對標簽球動力學(xué)分析的靜態(tài)仿真方法,將管內(nèi)流體耦合場分布結(jié)果作為單向耦合邊界條件,求解任意時刻標簽球受管內(nèi)流體攜載作用的運動狀態(tài)及其所在位置。(4)結(jié)合標簽球靜態(tài)受力仿真與力學(xué)模型分析,進行了標簽球直徑優(yōu)選研究,結(jié)果表明內(nèi)徑76mm油管壓裂工藝中選取水平段時直徑48mm的標簽球較合適;通過COMSOL軟件對比研究不同結(jié)構(gòu)標簽球尾渦狀態(tài),通過FLUENT軟件對比研究不同結(jié)構(gòu)標簽球運移動畫,提出具有更好工作效果的一種高爾夫球型標簽球結(jié)構(gòu),實現(xiàn)水平井多級壓裂技術(shù)中提高流體攜載標簽球運移效率及RFID通訊成功率的目標。研究成果為水平井多級壓裂施工的精準控制提供理論和技術(shù)支撐,降低壓裂作業(yè)成本,從而為我國頁巖氣產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)模化開發(fā)和快速發(fā)展做出一定的貢獻,也可為海底礦物管內(nèi)輸送、潛水艇救援等類似大垂深、大溫差、大壓力變化條件下管內(nèi)流體攜載物體運移規(guī)律的研究提供理論支持。
[Abstract]:Shale gas has become a new direction of energy development in China and will become an important part of clean energy in the future. Horizontal well multistage fracturing is the most widely used method in shale gas development. In recent years, the multi-stage fracturing technology of horizontal wells based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) intelligent sliding sleeve has been gradually applied to the field of horizontal well fracturing. However, there are still some problems in the technology, such as the difficulty of wellhead control and the low communication efficiency of bottom hole RFID tag ball due to the change of downshift speed of tag ball. In this paper, the multistage fracturing technology of horizontal wells is investigated from the following aspects: 1) the good prospect of multistage fracturing technology in horizontal wells with RFID intelligent sliding sleeve and some shortcomings are analyzed. In this paper, the current situation of fluid carrying object migration and multi-field coupling in pipe is investigated, and the theoretical and simulation study on the movement law of fluid carrying object in pipe under the coupling action of large vertical depth, large temperature difference and large pressure variation is carried out in consideration of formation. In the case of heat conduction of annular fluid and pipe string, combined with the continuity equation of fluid mechanics, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation, as well as the heat transfer formula in heat transfer, the large vertical depth and large temperature difference are established. The fluid temperature field, pressure field, velocity field, density field and viscosity field are coupled with the four-order Runge-Kutta method and MATLAB software. The coupled distribution of temperature field, pressure field, velocity field, viscosity field and density field along the depth of the vertical well is obtained. The influence of the entrance boundary condition on the coupling field distribution and its reason are analyzed. The static simulation method of the dynamic analysis of the tag sphere by using Abaqus software is discussed in this paper, which is used to simulate and analyze the deformation of the tag sphere by using the COMSOL software. The results of fluid coupling field distribution in pipe are taken as unidirectional coupling boundary conditions to solve the moving state and location of the label sphere under the action of fluid loading in the pipe at any time, combining with the static force simulation and mechanical model analysis of the label sphere. The optimum selection of the diameter of the tag ball is carried out, and the results show that the diameter of the 48mm is more suitable in the horizontal section of the inner diameter 76mm tubing fracturing process, and the trailing state of the different structure of the tagged ball is studied by the Comol software. By comparing and studying the different structure tag ball movement animation by fluent software, a golf ball tag ball structure with better working effect is proposed. In horizontal well multistage fracturing technology, the goal is to improve the efficiency of carrying tag ball migration and the success rate of RFID communication. The research results provide theoretical and technical support for the precise control of multistage fracturing operation in horizontal wells, reduce the cost of fracturing operations, and thus contribute to the large-scale development and rapid development of the shale gas industry in China. It can also provide theoretical support for the study of the moving law of fluid carrying objects in submarine under the conditions of large vertical depth, large temperature difference and large pressure variation, such as submersible mineral pipeline transportation, submarine rescue and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE377

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