本文選題：原油 + 氣體示蹤劑��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國絕大多數(shù)油藏具有復(fù)雜的油藏儲集體和流體性質(zhì),并且油藏開發(fā)后期大都采用注氣驅(qū)油提高采收率,但是由于對注入氣的運(yùn)動規(guī)律缺乏認(rèn)識,需要進(jìn)行井間注氣示蹤監(jiān)測,不僅能夠?yàn)楹笃谧獯胧┨峁┘皶r(shí)有效的支撐,還能降低開發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和難度。然而,目前國內(nèi)外對氣體示蹤劑的研究都傾向于現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用,缺少相應(yīng)的室內(nèi)評價(jià)方法,因此,建立一套氣體示蹤劑室內(nèi)評價(jià)方法尤為重要。本文以建立一套油藏注氣示蹤劑室內(nèi)評價(jià)方法為目的,采用室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和軟件模擬等多種手段對氣體示蹤劑的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了研究,建立了氣體示蹤劑的氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜儀檢測方法,通過對氣體示蹤劑的篩選、穩(wěn)定性評價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn)、在油水中的溶解實(shí)驗(yàn)以及擴(kuò)散實(shí)驗(yàn)對氣體示蹤劑檢測技術(shù)進(jìn)行了認(rèn)識研究,得到了以下認(rèn)識:對17種常用氣體示蹤劑的四種篩選參數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)研匯總,經(jīng)過篩選參數(shù)的規(guī)范化處理后,運(yùn)用動態(tài)綜合評價(jià)模型,編制程序并且成功進(jìn)行了氣體示蹤劑的篩選,不同于以往通過室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)對示蹤劑進(jìn)行篩選的方法,本次篩選方法更加簡單有效。最終優(yōu)選出了四種適用于本次評價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn)的氣體示蹤劑,分別為:六氟化硫、八氟環(huán)丁烷、三氟乙烷、七氟丙烷。在對氣體示蹤劑的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行研究時(shí),提出了一種新的思路,即運(yùn)用氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜儀進(jìn)行檢測時(shí),采用全掃描模式,對比實(shí)驗(yàn)前后曲線圖,在排除雜質(zhì)干擾的情況下,若產(chǎn)生了新的峰,即可認(rèn)為該物質(zhì)不穩(wěn)定。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明六氟化硫、八氟環(huán)丁烷、三氟乙烷和七氟丙烷四種氣體示蹤劑在地層條件下的穩(wěn)定性較強(qiáng)。運(yùn)用室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)與Hysys軟件驗(yàn)證相結(jié)合的方法對氣體示蹤劑在123℃和41.37MPa下,在地層水和地層原油中的溶解進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明六氟化硫、八氟環(huán)丁烷、三氟乙烷和七氟丙烷這四種氣體示蹤劑在實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下難溶于水,但溶于油,且水氣分配系數(shù)和油氣分配系數(shù)都較小。在氣體示蹤劑擴(kuò)散實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)階段,針對以往擴(kuò)散系數(shù)測定中對擴(kuò)散管參數(shù)的不確定性,通過Fluent軟件對擴(kuò)散管尺寸進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,模擬結(jié)果表明,擴(kuò)散管直徑越小,從不穩(wěn)定流動發(fā)生的時(shí)間越短,實(shí)驗(yàn)所測結(jié)果越精確。在氣體示蹤劑擴(kuò)散系數(shù)測定實(shí)驗(yàn)中,利用壓力降落法,通過對擴(kuò)散管中的壓力進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,再利用目前已有的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行求解,最終得到了地層條件下四種示蹤劑在油樣中的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)。
[Abstract]:Most of the reservoirs in China have complex reservoir storage and fluid properties, and most of them use gas injection to improve oil recovery in the later stage of reservoir development. However, due to the lack of understanding of the movement of injected gas, it is necessary to carry out cross-well gas injection tracer monitoring. It can not only provide timely and effective support for later gas injection measures, but also reduce the risk and difficulty of development. However, the research on gas tracers at home and abroad tends to be applied in the field and lacks the corresponding indoor evaluation methods. Therefore, it is very important to establish a set of indoor evaluation methods for gas tracers. In order to establish a set of indoor evaluation method of gas tracer for reservoir, the properties of gas tracer are studied by laboratory experiment and software simulation, and the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer detection method of gas tracer is established. Through the screening of gas tracer, the stability evaluation experiment, the dissolution experiment in oil and water and the diffusion experiment, the detection technology of gas tracer was studied. The following conclusions are obtained: the four screening parameters of 17 kinds of commonly used gas tracers are investigated and summarized. After the standardization of the screening parameters, the dynamic comprehensive evaluation model is used to compile the program and the gas tracer screening is successfully carried out. This screening method is more simple and effective than the previous method of screening tracers through laboratory experiments. Finally, four kinds of gas tracers suitable for this evaluation experiment were selected: sulfur hexafluoride, octafluorocyclobutane, trifluoroethane and heptafluoropropane. In the study of the stability of gas tracer, a new way of thinking is put forward, that is, when gas chromatography-mass spectrometer is used to detect the gas tracer, the full scanning mode is used to compare the curves before and after the experiment, and the impurity interference is eliminated. If a new peak is created, the substance can be considered unstable. The results show that four gas tracers, sulfur hexafluoride, octafluorocyclobutane, trifluoroethane and heptafluoropropane, are stable under stratigraphic conditions. The dissolution of gas tracer in formation water and formation crude oil at 123 鈩，

本文編號：2016564