本文選題：煉油 + 原油處理�。� 參考：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：制造業(yè)主要分為流程工業(yè)和離散制造業(yè)。煉油生產(chǎn)作為流程工業(yè)中的一種,具有能耗高、成本高、勞動生產(chǎn)率低的特點。而一個良好的煉油生產(chǎn)計劃可以有效的降低產(chǎn)品成本、減少能源消耗以及保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。煉油生產(chǎn)計劃分為長期生產(chǎn)計劃和短期生產(chǎn)計劃。長期生產(chǎn)計劃可以劃分為季度計劃和月計劃等。根據(jù)已有的對長期生產(chǎn)計劃的研究,采用線性規(guī)劃的辦法,可以求解出滿足實際生產(chǎn)環(huán)境要求的長期計劃�；谙嚓P(guān)的研究成果,已有可用于實際生產(chǎn)的成熟的商業(yè)軟件工具。而對于短期生產(chǎn)計劃,因為描述計劃涉及到大量離散和連續(xù)變量,屬于混合系統(tǒng)。這樣一個復(fù)雜系統(tǒng),目前還沒有合適的方法和技術(shù)進(jìn)行求解,實際生產(chǎn)中采用人工試湊的方法,這無形中增加了計劃人員的工作量,降低了勞動效率,也就無法實現(xiàn)自動化達(dá)到優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)計劃的目的。受限于有限的資源,如供油罐、儲油罐數(shù)量等,短期計劃的制定需要考慮到系統(tǒng)的資源約束。除此之外,因為短期計劃執(zhí)行涉及到不同煉油設(shè)備的具體操作,這就需要考慮到工藝約束。忽略這兩類約束條件,將導(dǎo)致求得的生產(chǎn)計劃在實際生產(chǎn)中不可行。目前已有的針對短期計劃的研究中,部分研究已經(jīng)全面考慮到上述兩類系統(tǒng)約束條件,得出了系統(tǒng)的可調(diào)度條件,從而可以有效的求得可行的短期生產(chǎn)計劃。但是,這些研究都僅僅考慮單一供油模式下的系統(tǒng)可調(diào)度性,即一個供油罐在同一時間僅供應(yīng)一個分餾塔的供油模式。然而實際生產(chǎn)過程中,經(jīng)常會發(fā)生供油罐的數(shù)量不夠每個分餾塔分配一個供油罐進(jìn)行供油的情形。此時,部分供油罐就需要同時供應(yīng)兩個分餾塔,以保證分餾塔連續(xù)生產(chǎn)。這種情況下的短期計劃求解變得十分復(fù)雜。本文從控制理論的角度研究這種混合供油模式下的煉油短期調(diào)度問題。首先對采用混合供油模式的煉油系統(tǒng)建立Petri網(wǎng)模型。接下來,基于獲得的Petri網(wǎng)模型先后分析了具有兩個分餾塔和大于兩個分餾塔的56煉油系統(tǒng),探討了在混合模式下供油罐的數(shù)量和容量、分餾塔數(shù)量、供油罐數(shù)量、管道輸油速率對系統(tǒng)可調(diào)度性的影響,得出了可調(diào)度的條件,從而可以在混合供油模式下求得可行短期生產(chǎn)計劃,解決這方面的一個難題。最后使用一個生產(chǎn)實例對本文得到的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗證。
[Abstract]:The manufacturing industry is mainly divided into the process industry and the discrete manufacturing industry. As one of the process industries, the refining production has the characteristics of high energy consumption, high cost and low labor productivity. And a good refining production plan can effectively reduce the cost of products, reduce energy consumption and guarantee the quality of the products. The oil refining production plan is divided into long-term production. Planning and short-term production plans. Long-term production plans can be divided into quarterly and monthly plans. Based on existing research on long-term production plans and linear programming, a long-term plan can be solved to meet the requirements of the actual production environment. Based on relevant research results, there is a mature business that can be used for actual production. For the short term production plan, for the short-term production plan, because the description plan involves a large number of discrete and continuous variables, it belongs to the hybrid system. Such a complex system has not yet been solved by the appropriate methods and techniques. In actual production, the manual trial and error method is adopted. This can not only increase the workload of the planner, but also reduce the labor efficiency. As a result, automation can not achieve the goal of optimizing production planning. Limited to limited resources, such as oil tanks and tanks, short term planning needs to take into account the resource constraints of the system. In addition, because the short-term plan execution involves the specific operation of different refining equipment, it is necessary to take into account the process constraints. These two kinds of constraints will lead to the production plan that is not feasible in actual production. In the present study on short-term planning, some of the studies have taken into account the constraints of the above two types of systems, and the schedulable conditions of the system are obtained, which can effectively obtain a feasible short-term production plan. We only consider the system schedulability under a single oil supply mode, that is, an oil supply tank supply only one fractionator at the same time. However, in the actual production process, the quantity of the oil supply tank is often not enough for each fractionator to distribute the oil supply tank. At this time, some oil supply tanks need to be supplied simultaneously. Two fractionating towers are required to ensure the continuous production of the fractionator. The short-term plan solution in this case becomes very complex. This paper studies the short-term scheduling problem of oil refining in this hybrid oil supply mode from the perspective of control theory. First, a Petri network model is established for the oil refining system with mixed fuel supply mode. Then, based on the obtained Petri net The model has analyzed the 56 refining systems with two fractionating towers and more than two fractionating towers. The effects of quantity and capacity of oil tanks, quantity of fractionating tower, quantity of oil supply tanks and pipeline oil rate on the schedulability of the system under mixed mode are discussed, and the schedulable bars are obtained, thus the feasible short term can be obtained under the mixed oil supply mode. A production plan is used to solve this problem. Finally, a production example is used to verify the results obtained in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE68;F426.722

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本文編號：2006589