本文選題：氣體鉆井 + 壓縮因子��； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣體鉆井技術是實現(xiàn)深層致密砂巖氣藏高效勘探開發(fā)的有效技術手段。但是,在深層致密砂巖氣藏鉆井過程中面臨深井、高壓、高產等地質及工程問題,使用氣體鉆井技術鉆開儲層存在較高的安全風險。因此,工程上提出了氣體鉆井鉆桿完井技術。本文通過文獻調研、理論分析以及數(shù)值計算,對氣體鉆井鉆桿完井相關的基礎理論問題開展了研究,主要包括：高壓天然氣壓縮因子模型優(yōu)選和評價；不同工況下氣體鉆井井筒溫度分布模型建立與分析；氣體鉆井鉆桿完井不同工況井筒內氣體流動規(guī)律研究。其主要研究方法和取得的研究成果如下：(1)通過對DAK模型、LXF模型、Hall模型編程計算,并與Standing-Katz天然氣壓縮因子圖版結果進行對比和適應性評價,形成了一套氣體鉆井鉆桿完井從低壓～中壓～高壓流動的全域壓縮因子數(shù)學模型。(2)根據(jù)熱力學第一定律、熱力學理論以及傳熱學理論,以鉆柱內流體、管柱壁、環(huán)空內流體作為研究對象,建立了循環(huán)和非循環(huán)工況下鉆柱內流體、管柱壁、環(huán)空內流體的氣體鉆井井筒溫度分布數(shù)學模型,并進行數(shù)值計算。數(shù)值計算結果表明,氣體鉆井循環(huán)期間,隨著井深的增加鉆柱和環(huán)空內的溫度都逐漸升高；非循環(huán)期間,隨著非循環(huán)時間的增加,環(huán)空溫度逐漸升高,而隨著時間的增長,非循環(huán)溫度變化越來越緩慢。(3)在全域天然氣壓縮因子計算模型、循環(huán)和非循環(huán)井筒溫度分布模型研究的基礎上,根據(jù)建立的氣體鉆井井內控制方程,對氣體鉆井鉆桿完井不同工況井筒流動規(guī)律進行了研究。數(shù)值計算結果表明,當產氣量小時可以采用常規(guī)完井方式進行不壓井起下鉆完井,而當產氣量大時則需要用鉆桿完井；氣體鉆井鉆桿完井測試過程中井筒內的壓力隨井深的增加而逐漸增大,且當油嘴尺寸變化時,井筒環(huán)空的壓力隨之改變,油嘴尺寸越小井筒環(huán)空壓力越大；關井時隨著關井時間的增加,井底壓力逐漸增大,直至與地層壓力平衡；投產時油嘴尺寸越小鉆桿和井底的壓力越大。通過本論文研究,為深層致密砂巖氣藏氣體鉆井鉆桿完井技術的實施和優(yōu)化提供了理論支撐。
[Abstract]:Gas drilling technology is an effective technique to realize high efficiency exploration and development of deep tight sandstone gas reservoir. However, in the drilling process of deep tight sandstone gas reservoir, there are many geological and engineering problems, such as deep well, high pressure, high yield and so on. There is a high safety risk in drilling reservoir with gas drilling technology. Therefore, the gas drilling pipe completion technology is put forward in engineering. Based on literature research, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, the basic theoretical problems related to gas drilling pipe completion are studied in this paper, including: selection and evaluation of high pressure natural gas compression factor model; The model of wellbore temperature distribution in gas drilling under different working conditions is established and analyzed, and the gas flow law in the wellbore of gas drilling pipe completion under different conditions is studied. The main research methods and results obtained are as follows: 1) the DAK model / LXF model / Hall model is programmed and calculated, and the results are compared with the results of Standing-Katz natural gas compression factor chart and their adaptability is evaluated. A set of global compressibility factor mathematical models for gas drilling pipe completion from low pressure to medium pressure to high pressure is formed. According to the first law of thermodynamics, the theory of thermodynamics and the theory of heat transfer, the fluid in the drill string and the wall of the pipe string are used. The mathematical model of wellbore temperature distribution of drilling string, string wall and annulus fluid under cyclic and off-cycle conditions is established and calculated numerically. The numerical results show that during the gas drilling cycle, the temperature of the drill string and annulus increases gradually with the increase of well depth, and the annulus temperature increases gradually with the increase of the non-circulating time during the off-cycle period, but with the increase of time, the temperature of the annulus increases with the increase of the depth of the well. On the basis of the calculation model of natural gas compressibility factor and the temperature distribution model of circulating and off-circulation wellbore, the governing equation of gas drilling wells is established. In this paper, the wellbore flow law of gas drilling pipe completion under different working conditions is studied. The numerical results show that the conventional completion method can be used when the gas production is small, but the drilling pipe is needed to complete the well when the gas production is large. The pressure in the wellbore increases gradually with the increase of the well depth during the gas drilling pipe completion test, and when the nozzle size changes, the pressure of the wellbore annulus changes, and the smaller the nozzle size, the greater the wellbore annulus pressure. With the increase of shutoff time, the bottom hole pressure gradually increases until it is balanced with formation pressure, and the smaller the size of the oil nozzle and the greater the bottom hole pressure when put into production. This paper provides theoretical support for the implementation and optimization of gas drilling pipe completion technology in deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE257;TE242

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本文編號：2001601