本文選題：改性環(huán)氧樹脂 + 室溫固化　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著全球能源短缺，油頁巖作為一種可替代石油的能源，其開采和利用備受關(guān)注。目前，地上干餾和地下原位開采是開采油頁巖的主要方法。但是干餾技術(shù)具有占地面積大、環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重，成本高等缺點。因此，污染小的地下原位開采技術(shù)是替代傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)的主要方法。在原位開采時，為了防止所開采的油、氣及地下水的流竄，本文借鑒原油開采的堵水方法，擬采用非選擇性的環(huán)氧樹脂為基料，制備了環(huán)氧樹脂堵水材料。 本文將聚丙烯酰胺溶解到環(huán)氧樹脂堵水材料中制備了可降解環(huán)氧樹脂類堵水材料，通過對比實驗、快速溶解實驗和滲透實驗，證實該材料中的聚丙烯酰胺溶解60%時，所需要的時間大約2年。眾所周知，聚丙烯酰胺無毒，但是丙烯酰胺是神經(jīng)性致毒劑。本文根據(jù)國標(biāo)GB/T22312-2008測得乙醇中丙烯酰胺的濃度0.196ppm遠(yuǎn)低于0.05%，符合國家衛(wèi)生部門的要求,所以不會影響環(huán)境和污染地下水。 油頁巖原位開采和原油開采一樣，除了需要阻水外，還需要固井和高溫開采。這對阻水和固井材料的性能提出更高的要求，即需要室溫或較低溫度固化，且具有良好的耐熱性。本文分別利用TDI和以聚醚多元醇和異氰酸酯為原料制備的聚氨酯預(yù)聚體對前期制備的環(huán)氧樹脂封堵材料進(jìn)行改性，分別制得可以在室溫和低溫固化的改性環(huán)氧樹脂封堵材料，其分解溫度分別為255oC (TDI）和300oC（聚氨酯預(yù)聚體），高溫固化下抗拉強度為10.9MPa。還對該材料在較高溫度130oC和120oC下固化的材料進(jìn)行力學(xué)性能測試，其抗拉強度分別為15.4MPa（130oC）和20.6MPa（120oC），說明在較高溫度下，該材料的力學(xué)性能還是保持著較高的水平。同時還對所制得材料固化時間和性能進(jìn)行研究，12h初固化，隨著時間的延長，固化后的抗拉強度逐漸增加，固化5天后，強度可達(dá)30MPa以上。 最后，將聚氨酯預(yù)聚體改性的環(huán)氧樹脂堵水材料用于金屬材料的防腐性能研究。研究表明：所制得的環(huán)氧樹脂堵水材料對金屬有良好的耐腐蝕性，其平均速率0.032035mm/a，小于0.076mm/a，符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB50050-2007），對金屬能起到緩蝕作用。對涂膜表面的潤濕性能測試，，可知接觸角的增大，則表明該種材料膠膜表面富集，有效地降低了材料的表面張力，疏水性增強。 總之，本文所制得的環(huán)氧樹脂堵水材料不僅有良好的耐腐蝕性、力學(xué)性能，和耐高溫特性，而且更突出是對金屬的附著力，室溫固化，固化時間短等。
[Abstract]:With the global energy shortage, oil shale, as an alternative to oil, has attracted much attention. At present, above-ground distillation and underground in-situ mining are the main methods of oil shale mining. However, distillation technology has the disadvantages of large area, serious environmental pollution and high cost. Therefore, low pollution underground in situ mining technology is the main alternative to traditional technology. In order to prevent the migration of oil, gas and groundwater in in-situ mining, the water shutoff material of epoxy resin was prepared by using the water plugging method of crude oil extraction as reference. The non-selective epoxy resin was used as the base material. In this paper, the degradable epoxy resin water plugging material was prepared by dissolving polyacrylamide into the water plugging material of epoxy resin. By contrast experiment, rapid dissolution experiment and permeation experiment, it was proved that the polyacrylamide dissolved in this material was 60%. It takes about two years. It is well known that polyacrylamide is not toxic, but acrylamide is a neurotoxic agent. According to the national standard GB/T22312-2008, the concentration of acrylamide in ethanol 0.196ppm is far lower than 0.05, which accords with the requirements of the state health department, so it will not affect the environment and pollute the groundwater. Oil shale production in situ, like crude oil production, requires well cementing and high-temperature production in addition to water blocking. The properties of water blocking and cementing materials need to be solidified at room temperature or at lower temperature and have good heat resistance. In this paper, TDI and polyurethane prepolymer prepared from polyether polyol and isocyanate were used to modify the pre-prepared epoxy resin plugging materials, which can be cured at room temperature and at low temperature, respectively. The decomposition temperatures are 255oC TDI and 300oC (polyurethane prepolymer), and the tensile strength is 10.9MPa after high temperature curing. The mechanical properties of the material solidified at high temperature 130oC and 120oC were also tested. The tensile strength of the material was 15.4MPA (130oC) and 20.6 MPA (120oC) respectively, which indicated that the mechanical properties of the material maintained a high level at higher temperature. At the same time, the curing time and properties of the prepared materials were studied. The tensile strength of the cured materials increased gradually with the prolongation of the curing time, and the strength reached to 30MPa after 5 days of curing. Finally, polyurethane prepolymer modified epoxy resin water plugging material was used to study the anticorrosive property of metal material. The results show that the epoxy resin has good corrosion resistance to metals, its average rate is 0.032035mm / a, less than 0.076mm / a, which conforms to the national standard GB50050-2007, and can inhibit the corrosion of metals. The increase of contact angle shows that the surface of the coating film is enriched and the surface tension is reduced and the hydrophobicity is enhanced. In a word, the epoxy resin water plugging material not only has good corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and high temperature resistance, but also has more outstanding adhesion to metals, curing at room temperature, short curing time and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ323.5;TE358.3

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