本文選題：油井偏磨 + 正應力測試儀��； 參考：《中國石油大學(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在石油實際生產過程中因為偏磨而造成的管漏、桿斷等事故,嚴重影響了采油效率及經濟效益。為滿足測量抽油桿與抽油管偏磨時產生的正應力要求,本文將對正應力測試儀的傳感器結構、電路硬件及軟件等進行研究與設計,對油田防治偏磨起到很好的工程意義。(1)本文首先確定了正應力測試儀的工作環(huán)境以及技術指標。以此確定正應力測試儀的整體研究思路和具體的設計與開發(fā)流程。(2)對正應力測試儀的傳感器機械結構進行設計。機械結構是整個測試儀的核心架構,必須滿足井下高溫、高壓和拉伸強度要求,并為硬件電路及供電系統(tǒng)提供安裝空間。應力檢測部件是機械結構的核心部件,需要準確測量桿、管偏磨時產生的正應力,因而其加工精度要求較高。(3)根據(jù)測量功能需求設計硬件電路。由ADuC845單片機作為核心處理器,硬件電路包括信號采集與處理電路模塊、存儲電路模塊、串口通訊模塊以及供電電路模塊等。通過耐高溫器件選型等措施,使得設計的硬件電路能夠在油井高溫高壓環(huán)境中對弱信號進行正常采集及存儲。(4)設計正應力測試儀的軟件部分,包括下位機程序和上位機數(shù)據(jù)處理程序。下位機程序能夠實現(xiàn)信號的采集、存儲及傳輸?shù)裙δ?上位機能夠實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)接收、轉換、存儲以及單片機參數(shù)修改等功能。(5)對測試儀進行精度校準以及各功能的調試。在實驗室模擬井下正應力、溫度等環(huán)境,通過大量實驗與數(shù)據(jù)處理建立數(shù)學測量模型,使采集的數(shù)據(jù)轉換為對應的正應力值。通過溫度、拉伸、密封以及模擬井等測試實驗,最后進行油井現(xiàn)場應用實驗。通過機械設計、電路設計和軟件設計等完成測試儀的設計與開發(fā),室內模擬實驗和現(xiàn)場應用試驗結果表明本文所設計的正應力測試儀能夠滿足實際測試要求
[Abstract]:The accidents such as pipe leakage and rod breakage caused by partial wear in the actual production of petroleum have seriously affected the oil recovery efficiency and economic benefits. In order to meet the requirement of measuring the normal stress of sucker rod and tubing, the sensor structure, circuit hardware and software of the normal stress tester are studied and designed in this paper. This paper first determines the working environment and technical index of the normal stress tester. Based on this, the whole research idea and the concrete design and development flow of the normal stress tester are determined. (2) the sensor mechanical structure of the normal stress tester is designed. Mechanical structure is the core structure of the whole tester. It must meet the requirements of underground high temperature, high pressure and tensile strength, and provide installation space for hardware circuit and power supply system. The stress detection part is the core part of the mechanical structure. It needs to measure the normal stress of the rod and the tube when it is worn out, so its machining precision is high. Therefore, the hardware circuit is designed according to the requirement of the measuring function. The hardware circuit consists of signal acquisition and processing circuit module, storage circuit module, serial communication module and power supply circuit module. Through the high temperature resistance device selection and other measures, the designed hardware circuit can normally collect and store the weak signals in the high temperature and high pressure environment of oil wells.) the software part of the normal stress tester can be designed. Including the lower computer program and upper computer data processing program. The lower computer program can realize the functions of signal acquisition, storage and transmission, and the upper computer can realize the functions of receiving, converting, storing and modifying the parameters of the single chip microcomputer, etc.) calibrating the accuracy of the tester and debugging each function. In laboratory simulation of downhole normal stress and temperature, a mathematical measurement model is established through a large number of experiments and data processing, so that the collected data can be converted into the corresponding normal stress values. Through temperature, stretch, seal and simulation well test, finally the oil well field application experiment. Through mechanical design, circuit design and software design, the design and development of the tester are completed. The results of indoor simulation experiment and field application test show that the normal stress tester designed in this paper can meet the actual test requirements.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE937

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