發(fā)布時間：2018-05-29 18:42

  本文選題：煉油工業(yè) + 雙管道原油運輸　； 參考：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煉油工業(yè)屬于流程工業(yè)中的一種,在我國國民經(jīng)濟中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。一方面滿足人們?nèi)粘Ｄ茉此?另一方面出于國家戰(zhàn)略儲備和能源安全目的。然而,我國煉油工業(yè)存在高成本、高能耗、低效率、綜合自動化水平低等特點,嚴重制約著我國煉油工業(yè)的發(fā)展。作為國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),從生產(chǎn)運作管理層面,需要對煉油工業(yè)實現(xiàn)綜合自動化。一般煉油廠的生產(chǎn)作業(yè)可分為三個層次：長期生產(chǎn)計劃,短期生產(chǎn)調(diào)度和過程控制。目前,市場上以控制技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的先進控制系統(tǒng)和利用線性規(guī)劃技術(shù)的長期生產(chǎn)計劃商業(yè)軟件已在多數(shù)煉油企業(yè)中得到實際應(yīng)用,效率極大提高。短期生產(chǎn)調(diào)度由于中間過程的復(fù)雜性、變量數(shù)目眾多,到目前為止仍處于基于電子表格的人工模擬預(yù)測階段,過度依賴調(diào)度人員的經(jīng)驗水平。耗時耗力的同時,面對突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急能力差,效益低下。針對煉油短期生產(chǎn)調(diào)度的優(yōu)化,本文完成系統(tǒng)建模和基于模型的可調(diào)度性研究工作。因為煉油過程包括連續(xù)和離散時間變量,所以其短期生產(chǎn)調(diào)度屬于大規(guī)模組合優(yōu)化問題。在煉油工業(yè)中,煉油系統(tǒng)的建模屬于混合系統(tǒng)建模難題。結(jié)合煉油系統(tǒng)的特性,著色賦時受控Petri網(wǎng)被應(yīng)用于雙管道原油運輸系統(tǒng)原油一次加工過程中的建模。采用模塊化建模方法,將原油一次加工過程分為四個子階段：油輪到港,原油卸載,高／低熔點油管道運輸和向蒸餾塔供油,并詳細分析原油運輸過程中多個關(guān)鍵約束。分層建模,結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹,描述系統(tǒng)行為完整,可作為觀察系統(tǒng)物流信息和制定短期生產(chǎn)調(diào)度的工具。由于事先未知煉油調(diào)度周期內(nèi)的任務(wù)和作業(yè),所以啟發(fā)式算法和智能優(yōu)化算法無法直接應(yīng)用于問題的求解。針對問題的特殊性,我們采用分層求解方法：上層獲得煉油短期調(diào)度計劃的安全邊界條件,優(yōu)化組合目標;下層求解詳細的調(diào)度安排實現(xiàn)上層煉油短期調(diào)度計劃。在模型的基礎(chǔ)上,本文進行雙管道原油運輸系統(tǒng)的可調(diào)度性分析。鑒于目前低熔點原油管道運輸可調(diào)度性研究工作已得到開展,本文著重分析高熔點原油運輸管道的可調(diào)度性問題。高熔點原油輸送前必須加熱,高昂的運輸成本,加上輸送過程中必須保證原油輸送不能中斷,所以單次調(diào)度周期內(nèi),盡可能多地輸送高熔點原油。此外,管道剩余原油的處理,都是高熔點原油運輸調(diào)度的關(guān)鍵。第四章從兩個蒸餾塔配四個供油罐,兩個蒸餾塔配五個供油罐分析著手,推導(dǎo)出雙管道原油運輸系統(tǒng)的安全邊界條件,得出可調(diào)度性結(jié)論。第五章案例分析中設(shè)定初始庫存條件,得到詳細的調(diào)度計劃,驗證結(jié)論的正確性。
[Abstract]:Refining industry is one of the process industries, which plays an important role in our national economy. On the one hand, meet people's daily energy needs, on the other hand, for the purpose of national strategic reserve and energy security. However, the high cost, high energy consumption, low efficiency and low level of comprehensive automation in China's refining industry seriously restrict the development of China's refining industry. As an important pillar industry in the development of national economy, it is necessary to realize comprehensive automation of oil refining industry from the level of production and operation management. The production of refinery can be divided into three levels: long-term production planning, short-term production scheduling and process control. At present, advanced control systems based on control technology and long-term production planning commercial software based on linear programming technology have been applied in most oil refining enterprises, and their efficiency has been greatly improved. Due to the complexity of the intermediate process and the large number of variables, the short-term production scheduling is still in the stage of artificial simulation and prediction based on spreadsheet so far, and relies too much on the experience level of the scheduler. At the same time, the emergency ability is poor and the efficiency is low. Aiming at the optimization of short term production scheduling in oil refining, the system modeling and the research on schedulability based on model have been completed in this paper. Because the refining process includes continuous and discrete time variables, its short-term production scheduling is a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem. In oil refining industry, the modeling of refining system is a difficult problem of hybrid system modeling. Based on the characteristics of the oil refining system, the colored timed controlled Petri net is applied to the modeling of the primary processing of crude oil in the dual pipeline crude oil transportation system. The process of crude oil processing is divided into four sub-stages by using modular modeling method: oil tanker arrival, crude oil unloading, high / low melting point pipeline transportation and oil supply to distillation tower, and several key constraints during crude oil transportation are analyzed in detail. Hierarchical modeling, rigorous structure, complete description of system behavior, can be used as a tool to observe system logistics information and make short-term production scheduling. Because the tasks and jobs in advance are unknown, the heuristic algorithm and intelligent optimization algorithm can not be directly applied to solve the problem. In view of the particularity of the problem, we adopt the hierarchical solution method: the upper layer obtains the security boundary conditions of the short-term oil refining scheduling plan and optimizes the combined objectives; the lower layer solves the detailed scheduling arrangements to realize the upper oil refining short-term scheduling plan. On the basis of the model, this paper analyzes the schedulability of dual pipeline crude oil transportation system. In view of the fact that the research on the transportation schedulability of low melting point crude oil pipeline has been carried out, this paper focuses on the analysis of the schedulability of high melting point crude oil transportation pipeline. High melting point crude oil must be heated before it is transported, and the transportation cost must be high. In addition, the transportation of crude oil must not be interrupted during the transportation process, so the high melting point crude oil must be transported as much as possible in a single dispatching period. In addition, the disposal of remaining crude oil in pipeline is the key of high melting point crude oil transportation and dispatching. In the fourth chapter, the security boundary conditions of double pipeline crude oil transportation system are deduced from the analysis of four oil supply tanks in two distillation towers and five oil supply tanks in two distillation towers, and the schedulability conclusion is obtained. In the fifth chapter, the initial inventory conditions are set, and the detailed scheduling plan is obtained to verify the correctness of the conclusions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE832;TP301.1

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