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  本文選題：產(chǎn)量遞減 + 油藏數(shù)值模擬�。� 參考：《西南石油大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：ST油藏是以三角洲平原、河流相及濁積相沉積為主的高孔高滲多層砂巖油藏,自1965年投入正式生產(chǎn),至今已有52年的開發(fā)歷史,目前已進入特高含水開發(fā)后期,總體看來主要存在以下特點:(1)產(chǎn)量遞減速度快,油藏年產(chǎn)油量表現(xiàn)出大幅降低的趨勢,自然遞減率大;(2)非均質(zhì)性強,無論在層間還是平面上,均已嚴重水淹,地下剩余油分布零散復雜,挖潛難度越來越大;(3)開發(fā)井網(wǎng)與開采方式無法滿足現(xiàn)階段開發(fā)要求,水驅(qū)控制程度低,井況日益變差,現(xiàn)有井網(wǎng)的注采對應率差,地層能量下降,嚴重制約著油田的穩(wěn)產(chǎn)形式。因此,為確保ST油藏穩(wěn)產(chǎn)甚至增產(chǎn)、實現(xiàn)油田持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,必須對ST油藏地質(zhì)特征做重新認識,弄清ST油藏單井及全區(qū)產(chǎn)量遞減規(guī)律以及ST油藏剩余油分布規(guī)律,進而找到ST油藏特高含水開發(fā)后期有效的提高采收率對策。本文從ST油藏構造特征、地層特征、儲層特征、流體特征等進行研究,重新認識該油藏的地質(zhì)特征。由產(chǎn)量遞減率的定義,依據(jù)油藏工程原理和滲流理論,推導分析得出影響產(chǎn)量遞減的8項因素,并提出了減緩產(chǎn)量遞減的主要措施。運用4種常用的產(chǎn)量遞減規(guī)律確定了適合各研究井的產(chǎn)量遞減方程,并預測得到各研究井的可采儲量。采用5種常用的油田產(chǎn)量預測模型對ST油藏遞減階段的生產(chǎn)資料進行分析,可得在ST油藏遞減階段運用雙曲遞減模型和衰減曲線模型預測年產(chǎn)油量和累積產(chǎn)油量的效果最好。綜合地質(zhì)研究成果,采用三維地質(zhì)建模,建立了 ST油藏構造模型和屬性模型。儲量復算結果顯示,模型地質(zhì)儲量與已知地質(zhì)儲量相比,增加了 43.4萬噸,誤差為3.87%,表明建立的地質(zhì)模型質(zhì)量是可靠的。憑借油藏數(shù)值模擬技術,建立了 ST油藏數(shù)值模擬模型。對數(shù)值模擬歷史擬合質(zhì)量進行評價,結果顯示:全區(qū)地層壓力模擬值隨開發(fā)時間的變化趨勢與實際地層壓力隨開發(fā)時間的變化趨勢保持一致、儲量擬合的相對誤差為3.09%、綜合含水率平均絕對誤差為1.7%、累積產(chǎn)油量相對誤差為2.7%、累積產(chǎn)液量相對誤差0.4%,表明建立的數(shù)值模擬模型具有可靠的質(zhì)量。在此基礎上,從油藏縱向和平面兩方面開展剩余油分布數(shù)值模擬研究,并根據(jù)剩余油分布研究成果,有針對性的提出了各類小層合理的提高采收率對策。最后進行ST油藏提高采收率對策部署設計,并預測調(diào)整后的油藏未來開發(fā)指標。數(shù)值模擬開發(fā)指標預測結果顯示,調(diào)整后采液速度提高了 5.95%,采油速度提高了 0.45%,綜合含水率下降了 1.1%,累積產(chǎn)油量增加了 24.43萬噸,采出程度提高了 4.14%,產(chǎn)量遞減率整體得以減緩,獲得了較好的開采效果,表明挖潛對策是可行的。
[Abstract]:St reservoir is a multilayer sandstone reservoir with high porosity and high permeability, which is mainly composed of delta plain, fluvial facies and turbidite facies. It has been developed for 52 years since it was put into production in 1965. On the whole, there are the following main characteristics: the production decline rate is fast, the annual oil production of the reservoir shows a tendency to decrease substantially, and the natural decline rate is strong and the heterogeneity is strong. Both in the interlayer and in the plane, the oil production has been seriously flooded. The distribution of remaining underground oil is scattered and complex, and it is becoming more and more difficult to tap potential. The development pattern and production mode can not meet the requirements of development at present, the degree of water drive control is low, the well condition is getting worse and worse, the corresponding rate of injection and production of existing well pattern is poor, and the formation energy is decreased. The stable production form of oil field is seriously restricted. Therefore, in order to ensure stable production or even increase production of St reservoir and realize the sustainable and stable development of oil field, it is necessary to re-understand the geological characteristics of St reservoir, clarify the law of production decline in single well and whole area of St reservoir and the distribution law of remaining oil in St reservoir. And then find out St reservoir super high water cut in the later stage of development effective measures to improve oil recovery. In this paper, we study the structural, stratigraphic, reservoir and fluid characteristics of St reservoir, and re-understand the geological characteristics of this reservoir. According to the definition of production decline rate, according to reservoir engineering principle and percolation theory, eight factors affecting production decline are deduced and analyzed, and the main measures to slow down production decline are put forward. The production decline equations suitable for each research well are determined by using four common production decline laws and the recoverable reserves of each research well are predicted. By using five commonly used oil field production prediction models to analyze the production data in St reservoir decline stage, it is concluded that the hyperbolic decline model and attenuation curve model are the best in predicting annual oil production and cumulative oil production in St reservoir decline stage. The structural model and attribute model of St reservoir are established by three-dimensional geological modeling. The results of reserves calculation show that compared with known geological reserves, the model geological reserves increase by 434000 tons and the error is 3.87, which indicates that the quality of the established geological model is reliable. Based on reservoir numerical simulation technology, St reservoir numerical simulation model is established. The quality of historical fitting of numerical simulation is evaluated. The results show that the variation trend of formation pressure simulation value with development time is consistent with that of actual formation pressure with development time. The relative error of reserve fitting is 3.09, the average absolute error of comprehensive water cut is 1.7, the relative error of cumulative oil production is 2.7, and the relative error of cumulative liquid production is 0.4, which indicates that the established numerical simulation model has reliable quality. On this basis, the numerical simulation of residual oil distribution is carried out from the vertical and plane aspects of the reservoir, and according to the research results of residual oil distribution, the reasonable measures to improve oil recovery are put forward. Finally, the St reservoir enhanced recovery countermeasures are designed, and the adjusted reservoir future development index is predicted. The prediction results of the numerical simulation development index show that after adjustment, the liquid recovery rate has increased 5.95%, the oil recovery speed has increased 0.45%, the comprehensive water cut has decreased 1.1%, the cumulative oil production has increased 244300 tons, The recovery degree was increased by 4.14%, and the production decline rate was slowed down as a whole, and a better mining effect was obtained, which indicates that the strategy of tapping potential is feasible.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE327;TE357

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