本文選題：試油試采 + 抽油機(jī)　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在石油開采過程中,試油試采是探明油井開采能力和開發(fā)價值的重要試井步驟,有桿泵抽汲相對于其他試井方式具有更強(qiáng)的探井適應(yīng)能力。有桿泵是通過地面部分的舉升裝置即抽油機(jī)來提供動力的。常規(guī)的游梁式抽油機(jī)龐大笨重,一般為固定式結(jié)構(gòu),且沖程、沖次不可調(diào)節(jié),因此不適用于試油試采工作。目前,急需一種可以快捷移動,同時具備沖程與沖次可調(diào)功能的抽油裝置,可實(shí)現(xiàn)短期內(nèi)對新油井的試油試采或?qū)嫌途亩伍_采。針對上述需求,本文研究設(shè)計(jì)了一種移動式試油試采舉升裝置,集機(jī)、電、液技術(shù)為一體,具備運(yùn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測和參數(shù)可調(diào)控制功能,可滿足試油試采舉升裝置機(jī)動性、高效性、安全性及自動控制等方面的要求。本論文的主要內(nèi)容如下：第一章,綜述當(dāng)前試油試采工作所采用的設(shè)備發(fā)展歷程,介紹油田開采設(shè)備的類型和各種特點(diǎn)、發(fā)展歷程及國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,闡述本課題的研究目的和意義,并介紹主要設(shè)計(jì)研究內(nèi)容。第二章,從技術(shù)要求出發(fā),針對試油試采工作的特殊性,設(shè)計(jì)了四種驅(qū)動機(jī)構(gòu)方案,利用仿真工具分析比較了這四種設(shè)計(jì)方案,從技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)以及實(shí)際應(yīng)用角度從中擇優(yōu)選取最終實(shí)施方案。對最終選定的方案從機(jī)械原理方面進(jìn)行初步設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,并從機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)角度對整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行劃分和設(shè)計(jì)。第三章,對實(shí)施方案的主驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),從技術(shù)指標(biāo)出發(fā),根據(jù)抽油和修井兩種不同的工況,設(shè)計(jì)了可滿足兩種工況要求的傳動滑輪組機(jī)構(gòu),并設(shè)計(jì)了基于液壓平衡的開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)驅(qū)動絞車,以及與之配套可適用于不同工況的換擋變速裝置。此外對配套的液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算和元件選型。第四章,針對試油試采裝置無人值守自動運(yùn)行的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了配套的控制及監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。此監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)以PLC為下位機(jī),以PC和觸摸屏為上位機(jī),具備手動控制和自動運(yùn)行兩種工作模式,自動運(yùn)行過程可利用布置于系統(tǒng)上的各個傳感器監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)狀態(tài),并調(diào)整工作參數(shù),達(dá)到最優(yōu)控制,并繪制示功圖。第五章,對驅(qū)動裝置建立了動力學(xué)模型,應(yīng)用Simulink對建立的模型進(jìn)行仿真,將應(yīng)用動力學(xué)公式建立的模型與AMESim建立模型的仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較分析,證實(shí)了動力學(xué)模型的正確性；第六章,總結(jié)全文的研究內(nèi)容,并對并進(jìn)一步的研究方向和內(nèi)容提出展望。
[Abstract]:In the process of oil production, oil testing and production testing is an important well testing step to determine the production capacity and development value of oil wells. The rod pump swabbing has a stronger adaptability than other well testing methods. The rod pump is powered by the ground part of the lift device, the pumping unit. The conventional beam pumping units are large and heavy, usually of fixed structure, and the stroke and stroke are not adjustable, so they are not suitable for oil test and production test. At present, there is an urgent need for a kind of pumping device which can move quickly and has the functions of adjustable stroke and secondary stroke, which can be used to test the production of new oil wells in a short period of time or to produce old wells again in a short period of time. In order to meet the above requirements, a mobile oil test lift device is designed in this paper, which integrates the machine, electricity and liquid technology, has the function of monitoring the running state and adjusting the parameters, and can meet the maneuverability and high efficiency of the oil test and production test lift device. Safety and automatic control requirements. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the first chapter summarizes the development history of the equipment used in the production test and production testing, introduces the types and characteristics of the oil field production equipment, the development process and the current research situation at home and abroad. The purpose and significance of this research are expounded, and the main design and research contents are introduced. In the second chapter, according to the particularity of oil test and production test, four kinds of driving mechanism schemes are designed, and the four schemes are analyzed and compared by simulation tools. From the point of view of technical realization and practical application, the final implementation scheme is selected. The final selected scheme is designed and calculated from the aspect of mechanical principle, and the whole machine structure is divided and designed from the point of view of mechanical structure. In the third chapter, the main driving system of the implementation scheme is designed. According to the two different working conditions of pumping and workover, the driving pulley group mechanism is designed to meet the requirements of the two working conditions. The switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive winch based on hydraulic balance is designed, and the gear shifting device suitable for different working conditions is designed. In addition, the design and calculation of the supporting hydraulic system and the selection of components are carried out. In the fourth chapter, the control and monitoring system is designed according to the characteristics of unattended automatic operation of oil test and production test device. This monitoring system takes PLC as lower computer, PC and touch screen as upper computer, and has two working modes: manual control and automatic operation. The automatic operation process can utilize the monitoring system status of each sensor arranged on the system, and adjust the working parameters. Achieve optimal control and draw indicator diagram. In the fifth chapter, the dynamic model of the drive device is established, and the simulation results of the model established by Simulink are compared with the simulation results of the model established by AMESim, and the correctness of the dynamic model is verified. Chapter six summarizes the research content of this paper, and puts forward the prospect of further research direction and content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE932

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本文編號：1943073