發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-20 14:53

  本文選題：脈沖渦流 + 油氣集輸��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：油氣集輸站場包括計(jì)量站、轉(zhuǎn)油站、脫水站等,作為重要的石油運(yùn)輸樞紐,每天所通過和處理的原油量非常大,而原油包含多種腐蝕性液體以及腐蝕性氣體成分,這種腐蝕性混合液體對站場工藝管壁的沖刷以及腐蝕是造成管道失效的主要形式。脈沖渦流檢測技術(shù)以其頻譜寬、穿透力強(qiáng)、無需耦合劑以及可以實(shí)現(xiàn)在線快速檢測的特點(diǎn),在無損檢測領(lǐng)域逐漸得到廣泛應(yīng)用。本文針對因腐蝕而引起的管壁減薄現(xiàn)象對脈沖渦流檢測技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,完成的主要工作如下:(1)介紹了傳統(tǒng)渦流檢測的基本原理,主要涉及阻抗分析法和趨膚效應(yīng);利用電路過渡過程理論和脈沖渦流基礎(chǔ)理論分析了脈沖渦流檢測技術(shù);從電路方面對脈沖渦流檢測技術(shù)進(jìn)行理論分析,得出檢測信號的電壓和相位模型。(2)搭建了脈沖渦流檢測的有限元模型,采用多物理場有限元仿真軟件COMSOL對檢測系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真研究。實(shí)現(xiàn)了對線圈匝數(shù)、激勵(lì)頻率等參數(shù)的優(yōu)化,并進(jìn)一步研究了管道中流體對檢測結(jié)果的影響。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了檢測系統(tǒng)的總體實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,包括激勵(lì)電源、方波激勵(lì)電路、傳感器線圈、信號處理電路、采集卡、軟件設(shè)計(jì)等,然后針對方波激勵(lì)電路、傳感器線圈、信號處理電路及軟件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。(4)在COMSOL模型仿真、實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)以及硬件設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行分組實(shí)驗(yàn),管道內(nèi)無液體時(shí)的壁厚檢測、加入水和混合液體等不同流體時(shí)的壁厚檢測,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明脈沖渦流無損檢測技術(shù)在管內(nèi)是否有液體時(shí)對管道剩余壁厚的檢測都具有很好的效果,并且靈敏度高、可靠性好。
[Abstract]:Oil and gas gathering and transportation stations include metering stations, transfer stations, dehydration stations, and so on. As important oil transportation hubs, the amount of crude oil passed through and processed every day is very large, and crude oil contains a variety of corrosive liquids and corrosive gas components. The erosion and corrosion of the pipe wall caused by the corrosive mixed liquid are the main forms of pipeline failure. Pulse eddy current testing technology has been widely used in the field of nondestructive testing because of its wide spectrum, strong penetration, no coupling agent and the ability to realize on-line rapid detection. In this paper, the pulse eddy current testing technology is studied for the wall thinning phenomenon caused by corrosion. The main work accomplished is as follows: 1) the basic principle of traditional eddy current testing is introduced, mainly involving impedance analysis method and skin effect. Based on the theory of circuit transition process and the basic theory of pulse eddy current, the pulse eddy current detection technology is analyzed theoretically from the aspect of circuit. The finite element model of pulse eddy current detection is built, and the multi-physical field finite element simulation software COMSOL is used to simulate the detection system. The parameters of coil turn and excitation frequency are optimized, and the influence of fluid in pipeline on the test result is studied. The overall experimental scheme of the detection system is designed, including the exciting power source, square wave excitation circuit, sensor coil, etc. Signal processing circuit, data acquisition card, software design, etc., and then designed for square wave excitation circuit, sensor coil, signal processing circuit and software. (4) on the basis of COMSOL model simulation, experimental system and hardware design, the paper carries out grouping experiments. The measurement of wall thickness when there is no liquid in the pipe, and the wall thickness detection with different fluids such as water and mixed liquid, etc. The experimental results show that the pulsed eddy current nondestructive testing technique has a good effect on the detection of the remaining wall thickness of the pipe when there is liquid in the pipe. And the sensitivity is high, the reliability is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE988.2;TG115.28

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