本文選題：稠油 + 注蒸汽��； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著當今世界對石油資源需求的快速增長以及原油勘探開發(fā)程度的不斷深入,稠油油藏在世界油氣資源中的地位日益凸顯。注蒸汽熱力采油是當今稠油開發(fā)的主要方式。由于稠油油藏非均質(zhì)性以及注蒸汽開發(fā)初級階段的合注合采,致使后期油藏動用程度不均,層間矛盾突出,降低蒸汽的縱向波及效率,影響原油的采收率。 稠油油藏分層注汽技術能夠有地效緩解油藏儲層層間矛盾,均衡油藏縱向吸汽效率,是稠油開發(fā)到達后期時油藏提高采收率的一種行之有效的重要方法。本文首先對已有稠油油藏分層注汽技術按照注汽工藝類型進行分類,主要分為分層定量注汽、分層配汽、偏心式分層注汽以及同心管分層注汽。通過分析得出稠油油藏分層注汽技術存在的主要問題是注汽單元蒸汽配注量調(diào)整不便和一次管柱注汽層數(shù)的局限性。然后在同心管分層注汽技術基礎上結合分層配汽技術原理提出了同心三層分層注汽技術,設計了同心三層注汽管柱與相關井下工具。該注汽管柱的設計實現(xiàn)了一次同心管柱同時分三層注汽,其中兩層采用分層配汽原理控制蒸汽注入量,打破了同心管分層注汽技術只能分注兩層的限制。在地面利用同心雙管注汽井口裝置即可直觀邊界地調(diào)整各層蒸汽配注量,無需起出管柱或投撈作業(yè)。通過對管柱主要工具的重新設計與相應強度計算保證了同心三層注汽技術的可靠性。 對稠油油藏同心三層分層注汽過程中井筒中的壓力分布和干度分布規(guī)律進行分析計算,利用井筒壓力、干度的計算模型對某注汽井壓力、干度進行了實例計算,分析檢驗了計算方法的正確性。該方法為稠油油藏同心三層分層注汽技術的設計提供了依據(jù),也可以用于對注汽井工況參數(shù)的設計分析。對稠油油藏同心三層分層注汽技術進行了實例應用,措施后增油效果明顯,該技術有效地提高了油藏的縱向動用程度,改善了注蒸汽開發(fā)效率,提供了一種稠油注蒸汽開采后期提高原油采收率的新方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the world demand for oil resources and the deepening of crude oil exploration and development, the status of heavy oil reservoirs in the world oil and gas resources has become increasingly prominent. Steam injection thermal recovery is the main way to develop heavy oil. Due to the heterogeneity of heavy oil reservoir and the combination of injection and production in the primary stage of steam injection development, the degree of reservoir production is uneven in the later stage, the contradiction between layers is prominent, the vertical sweep efficiency of steam is reduced, and the recovery of crude oil is affected. Stratified steam injection technology in heavy oil reservoirs can alleviate the contradiction between layers of reservoirs and balance the vertical steam absorption efficiency of reservoirs. It is an effective and effective method to improve oil recovery in the late stage of heavy oil development. In this paper, stratified steam injection technology in existing heavy oil reservoirs is classified according to steam injection process type, which is mainly divided into stratified quantitative steam injection, stratified steam distribution, eccentric stratified steam injection and concentric pipe stratified steam injection. The main problems of stratified steam injection technology in heavy oil reservoir are the inconvenient adjustment of steam injection rate of steam injection unit and the limitation of steam injection layer number of primary tubing string. Then, based on the stratified steam injection technology of concentric pipe, combined with the principle of stratified steam distribution technology, this paper puts forward the concentric three-layer stratified steam injection technology, and designs the concentric three-layer steam injection pipe string and related downhole tools. The design of the steam injection string realizes that the single concentric pipe string can be divided into three layers at the same time, in which two layers adopt the principle of stratified steam distribution to control the steam injection rate, which breaks the restriction that the concentric pipe stratified steam injection technology can only be divided into two layers. By using concentric double-pipe steam injection wellhead device on the ground, the steam flux distribution of each layer can be adjusted intuitively and without the need of tubing string or fishing operation. The reliability of concentric three-layer steam injection technology is ensured by redesigning the main tools of pipe string and calculating the corresponding strength. The pressure distribution and dryness distribution in the wellbore during the process of concentric three-layer stratified steam injection in heavy oil reservoir are analyzed and calculated. The calculation model of wellbore pressure and dryness is used to calculate the pressure and dryness of a steam injection well. The correctness of the calculation method is verified by analysis. This method provides a basis for the design of concentric three-layer stratified steam injection technology in heavy oil reservoirs and can also be used to design and analyze the operating parameters of steam injection wells. In this paper, the application of concentric three layer stratified steam injection technology in heavy oil reservoir is carried out, and the effect of increasing oil is obvious after the measure. This technology can effectively improve the degree of vertical production of the reservoir and improve the efficiency of steam injection development. A new method for enhancing oil recovery in the later stage of heavy oil steam injection production is presented.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.7

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