本文選題：氣液分離 + 超音速冷凝旋流分離器�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：天然氣作為一種清潔能源已經(jīng)走進(jìn)千家萬戶并廣泛應(yīng)用,天然氣開采后的脫水過程卻十分復(fù)雜。超音速分離裝置(簡(jiǎn)稱SGS)引起了足夠關(guān)注,它集合了膨脹過程、分離過程與壓縮過程于一體,整個(gè)過程僅利用了天然氣本身的壓力降,無需任何外力做功。因此,該項(xiàng)技術(shù)具有良好的應(yīng)用前景與商業(yè)價(jià)值。本文建立數(shù)值模型,通過模擬得到的最佳尺寸設(shè)計(jì)并制造了一種導(dǎo)流錐式超音速冷凝旋流分離器,建立實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)研究操作參數(shù)與結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)分離效果的影響并根據(jù)理論公式,分別研究面積比與壓比對(duì)噴管內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)分布的影響,本文主要結(jié)論為：(1)本文建立的湍流模型與濕蒸氣自發(fā)凝結(jié)模型可以反映實(shí)際流場(chǎng)與凝結(jié)狀態(tài),并建立新型軸流式旋流器三維幾何模型,結(jié)果顯示,軸流式旋流發(fā)生器較傳統(tǒng)切向入口的旋流器相比擁有壓力損失小與離心加速度大的特點(diǎn),具有106g量級(jí)的離心力,保證了液滴在短時(shí)間內(nèi)可以甩到噴管內(nèi)壁面上。(2)設(shè)計(jì)了一種導(dǎo)流錐式SGS設(shè)備,建立三維模型預(yù)測(cè)噴管內(nèi)部流場(chǎng),改變結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)果表明：壓比為1.5時(shí),最佳面積比為1.27,采取平齊式排液口結(jié)構(gòu),噴管內(nèi)達(dá)到最大馬赫數(shù)為1.19,最低溫度可達(dá)234K。通過自發(fā)凝結(jié)流動(dòng)Eulerian模型預(yù)測(cè)噴管內(nèi)凝結(jié)狀態(tài),過飽和度S在噴管內(nèi)的值始終大于1,在喉部形成大量形成凝結(jié)核心。(3)根據(jù)一維變截面等熵流的理論針對(duì)流場(chǎng)參數(shù)分布進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明：在相同壓比情況下,面積比越小,越容易實(shí)現(xiàn)全噴管內(nèi)的超音速流動(dòng),便于濕蒸氣的冷凝。最佳面積比是在保證全超音速流的面積比中的最大面積比,此時(shí)不僅保證全噴管的超音速流,而且使得整個(gè)噴管內(nèi)的溫度最低,分離效率也最高。(4)建立實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明：固定面積比下,乙醇脫除率與露點(diǎn)降都隨壓比的增高先增大后減小,最佳壓比為1.3,當(dāng)面積比為1.27時(shí),乙醇脫除率δETH為47.4%,露點(diǎn)降△Td為7.0K。在壓比固定情況下,分離效果隨面積比增大而減小,新型導(dǎo)流錐式SGS設(shè)備較內(nèi)錐芯式SGS設(shè)備在乙醇脫除率上有所提高,在壓比為1.3,面積比為1.27時(shí),乙醇脫除率δETH提高了1.9倍。
[Abstract]:As a kind of clean energy, natural gas has been widely used, but the dehydration process is very complicated. Supersonic separation device (SGS) has attracted enough attention. It integrates the expansion process, the separation process and the compression process. The whole process only uses the pressure drop of natural gas itself without any external force to do work. Therefore, this technology has good application prospect and commercial value. In this paper, a numerical model is established, and a supersonic condensing cyclone separator is designed and manufactured by simulation. The experimental platform is established to study the influence of operating parameters and structural parameters on the separation effect. The effect of area ratio and pressure ratio on the flow field distribution in nozzle is studied. The main conclusion is: 1) the turbulent model and the wet vapor spontaneous condensation model established in this paper can reflect the actual flow field and condensation state. The 3D geometric model of the new axial flow cyclone is established. The results show that the axial flow generator has less pressure loss and greater centrifugal acceleration than the traditional tangential inlet cyclone, and has a centrifugal force of 106 g. A flow guide cone SGS device is designed to predict the flow field in the nozzle and change the structure parameters to realize the optimal structure. The results show that the pressure ratio is 1.5. The optimum area ratio is 1.27, and the structure of horizontal outlet is adopted. The maximum Mach number in nozzle is 1.19, and the lowest temperature is 234K. The Eulerian model of spontaneous condensation flow is used to predict the condensation state in the nozzle. The value of supersaturation S in the nozzle is always greater than 1, and a large number of condensation cores are formed in the throat.) according to the theory of one-dimensional isentropic flow with variable cross section, the distribution of flow field parameters is studied. The results show that under the same pressure ratio, the smaller the area ratio, the easier it is to realize supersonic flow in the nozzle, which is convenient for the condensation of wet vapor. The optimum area ratio is the maximum area ratio in ensuring the area ratio of the total supersonic flow. In this case, not only the supersonic flow of the whole nozzle is guaranteed, but also the temperature in the whole nozzle is the lowest, and the separation efficiency is the highest. The experimental results show that the ethanol removal rate and dew-point drop increase first and then decrease with the increase of the pressure ratio, and the optimum pressure ratio is 1.3. When the area ratio is 1.27, the ethanol removal rate 未 ETH is 47.4 and the dew point drop TD is 7.0 K. When the pressure ratio is fixed, the separation efficiency decreases with the increase of the area ratio, and the ethanol removal rate 未 ETH is increased by 1.9 times when the pressure ratio is 1.3 and the area ratio is 1.27, and the new type of diversion cone type SGS equipment is better than the inner cone core type SGS equipment in the removal rate of ethanol, and when the pressure ratio is 1.3 and the area ratio is 1.27, the ethanol removal efficiency is 1.9 times higher than that of the inner cone type SGS equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE96

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本文編號(hào)：1871982