本文選題：無桿舉升 + 集膚效應(yīng)　； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著油田開采進入后期階段稠油井的數(shù)量龐大，在稠油資源的開采工藝中，無桿舉升工藝越來越受到廣泛關(guān)注。為延長無桿舉升工藝井的檢泵周期，進一步降低原油粘度，改善井筒中原油的流動性，，對其實施電加熱采油工藝。然而，目前電加熱采油工藝中大多采用工頻電，由于負(fù)載為單相，需要利用變壓器將三相輸入轉(zhuǎn)換成單相輸出，這會導(dǎo)致三相電網(wǎng)的不平衡，功率因數(shù)低，對電網(wǎng)的影響大。這種舉升工藝的加熱效率低，耗電量也很高。 為了解決以上問題，本文設(shè)計了一種基于單片機控制的無桿舉升防結(jié)蠟?zāi)孀冸娫醇訜嵯到y(tǒng)。首先，介紹了電加熱中用到的集膚效應(yīng)理論，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)負(fù)載的實際特點，建立了其等效電路，并推導(dǎo)出空心抽油桿及桿內(nèi)電纜的物理模型。對加熱電源裝置的硬件電路進行了設(shè)計，主要包括：全橋逆變主電路、單片機及外圍控制電路、檢測與保護電路、輔助電路、人機交互電路等。對加熱電源裝置系統(tǒng)的控制軟件進行了設(shè)計。使單片機能夠?qū)﹄娫摧敵鼋涣麟姷碾妷汉皖l率進行調(diào)節(jié)。依據(jù)現(xiàn)場的井況用戶可以對電源裝置的參數(shù)進行設(shè)置或?qū)崟r控制操作，提高加熱效率。最后，通過實驗驗證了電源裝置的性能達到了設(shè)計要求。 該電源裝置的優(yōu)勢在于提升了電加熱效率、保護和抗干擾能力。通過人機交互界面可以對電源的工作狀態(tài)進行實時顯示。本文的研究工作為無桿舉升電加熱過程中實現(xiàn)油管防結(jié)蠟提供了理論分析基礎(chǔ)及實驗方法。
[Abstract]:With the large number of heavy oil wells in the late stage of oilfield production, more and more attention has been paid to the rod lifting technology in the heavy oil resource extraction process. In order to prolong the period of pump inspection, reduce the viscosity of crude oil and improve the fluidity of crude oil in wellbore, electric heating oil recovery process was carried out. However, at present, most of the electric heating oil recovery technology uses power frequency electricity, because the load is single-phase, it is necessary to use transformer to convert the three-phase input into single-phase output, which will lead to the imbalance of three-phase power grid, low power factor, and great influence on the power grid. This lifting process has low heating efficiency and high power consumption. In order to solve the above problems, this paper designs a heating system based on singlechip control for the anti-wax inverter power supply. Firstly, the skin effect theory used in electric heating is introduced. According to the actual characteristics of system load, the equivalent circuit is established, and the physical model of hollow sucker rod and cable in rod is deduced. The hardware circuit of the heating power supply device is designed, including the main circuit of full-bridge inverter, single-chip microcomputer and peripheral control circuit, detection and protection circuit, auxiliary circuit, human-computer interaction circuit and so on. The control software of heating power supply system is designed. The single-chip microcomputer can adjust the voltage and frequency of the output AC power supply. According to the well condition in the field, the user can set the parameters of the power supply device or control the operation in real time, so as to improve the heating efficiency. Finally, the experimental results show that the performance of the power supply meets the design requirements. The advantage of this power supply is that it improves the efficiency of electric heating, protection and anti-interference. The working state of the power supply can be displayed in real time through the man-machine interface. The research work in this paper provides a theoretical analysis basis and experimental method for the realization of waxing prevention of tubing in the process of hoisting electric heating without rod.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE937

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本文編號：1859924