本文選題：致密氣藏 + 體積壓裂��； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院(滲流流體力學(xué)研究所)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：致密氣是目前現(xiàn)實性最好的非常規(guī)天然氣,將成為我國天然氣工業(yè)快速穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的重要資源。而致密氣主要賦存于低孔、低滲的致密砂巖中,需要通過壓裂改造技術(shù)才能獲得工業(yè)氣流。目前體積壓裂通過全面改造儲層和增大滲流面積成為開發(fā)致密氣藏的有效手段。但在壓裂過程中,壓裂液在改善油氣滲流通道的同時也給儲層帶來了各種各樣的傷害。本文通過室內(nèi)物理模擬實驗,對某地區(qū)的致密氣藏儲層巖心進行了研究,不僅得到了壓裂液對致密氣藏儲層的傷害機理,還得到了不同擠入液量對壓裂液傷害機理的影響,以及不同反排階段的主要傷害機理,這對壓裂液在實際過程中的應(yīng)用以及對壓裂液配方的優(yōu)化,具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。1、通過X衍射、掃描電鏡和恒速壓汞實驗,對目標(biāo)儲層地質(zhì)特征進行了研究。研究結(jié)果表明,目標(biāo)儲層巖心具有普遍孔隙不發(fā)育和少量粒間孔隙等特征,此外,粘土礦物的含量總體來說中等,主要膠結(jié)物是高嶺石,其他的粘土礦物相對較少,另外,目標(biāo)儲層有效喉道半徑很小。2、通過常規(guī)驅(qū)替實驗和核磁共振技術(shù),采用平行樣比對方法,定量分析了水敏傷害與粘土吸水量的相關(guān)關(guān)系,水鎖傷害與壓裂液滯留量的相關(guān)關(guān)系,以及水敏、水鎖和固相傷害的動態(tài)變化規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明,水敏和固相傷害是不可逆不可恢復(fù)的傷害,而水鎖傷害是一個動態(tài)變化的過程,氣相反排初期水鎖傷害很大,隨著反排孔隙體積的增加,水鎖傷害得到了很好的解除,最終的水鎖傷害很小。3、通過常規(guī)驅(qū)替實驗,以及平行樣比對方法,研究了不同擠入液量(1、5、10PV)對水敏傷害、水鎖傷害和固相基質(zhì)傷害的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,擠入液量的大小對水鎖傷害的影響很小,對固相傷害幾乎沒有影響,而對水敏傷害的影響很大。一開始水鎖傷害是反排初期的主要傷害,但隨著擠入液量的增加,水敏傷害增大明顯,水敏和水鎖傷害共同成為初期的主要傷害；在反排后期,水敏傷害一直是主要的傷害機理。
[Abstract]:Dense gas is the best unconventional natural gas in reality at present and will become an important resource for the rapid and stable development of natural gas industry in China. The dense gas mainly occurs in the tight sandstone with low porosity and low permeability, so it is necessary to obtain industrial airflow by fracturing technology. At present, volume fracturing is an effective way to develop tight gas reservoir by comprehensively reforming reservoir and increasing percolation area. However, in the process of fracturing, fracturing fluid not only improves the flow path of oil and gas, but also brings various kinds of damage to reservoir. In this paper, through laboratory physical simulation experiments, the core of tight gas reservoir in a certain area is studied. Not only the damage mechanism of fracturing fluid to tight gas reservoir is obtained, but also the influence of different amount of squeeze fluid on the damage mechanism of fracturing fluid is obtained. And the main damage mechanism of different backflow stages, which has certain guiding effect on the application of fracturing fluid in the actual process and the optimization of fracturing fluid formula, through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and constant speed mercury pressure experiment. The geological characteristics of the target reservoir are studied. The results show that the core of the target reservoir is characterized by a general lack of pores and a small amount of intergranular pores. In addition, the content of clay minerals is generally medium, the main cementation is kaolinite, the other clay minerals are relatively few, in addition, The effective throat radius of target reservoir is very small. By conventional displacement experiment and nuclear magnetic resonance technique, the correlation between water sensitive damage and clay water absorption and the relationship between water lock damage and fracturing fluid retention are quantitatively analyzed by parallel sample comparison method. And the dynamic changes of water sensitivity, water lock and solid phase damage. The results show that water sensitivity and solid phase damage are irreversible and irrecoverable damage, while water lock damage is a dynamic process. In the initial stage of gas reverse discharge, the water lock damage is very large, and with the increase of anti-discharge pore volume, The water lock injury was well relieved, and the final water lock injury was very small. The effects of water sensitive injury, water lock injury and solid matrix injury on water sensitive injury, water lock injury and solid phase matrix injury were studied by conventional displacement experiment and parallel sample comparison method. The results show that the amount of water squeeze has little effect on the damage of water lock, but has little effect on the damage of solid phase, but has great effect on the damage of water sensitivity. At first, the water lock injury was the main injury in the initial stage of reverse discharge, but with the increase of the amount of water, the water sensitive injury increased obviously, and the water sensitive injury and the water lock injury became the main injury in the initial stage, but in the later stage of reverse discharge, the water sensitive injury increased obviously. Water sensitive injury has always been the main injury mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院(滲流流體力學(xué)研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE377

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