本文選題：碳酸鹽巖 + 酸化　； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：酸化技術(shù)在碳酸鹽巖儲層增產(chǎn)作業(yè)中得到廣泛的應(yīng)用,酸液體系的設(shè)計與選擇是其中非常重要的一環(huán)。但常規(guī)酸液體系在實際施工過程中存在反應(yīng)速率過快、腐蝕性強、難以形成有效酸蝕蚓孔等問題。針對碳酸鹽巖儲層,本文研制了一種具有緩速、長效、深穿透能力強等特性的新型非常規(guī)酸液體系HR,并以之為核心技術(shù)提出了一套碳酸鹽巖儲層非常規(guī)酸化改造工藝。本文主要進(jìn)行了如下工作：(1)通過核磁共振等微觀分析方法分析了HR非常規(guī)酸液體系的主體結(jié)構(gòu),利用滴定實驗繪制出酸度曲線；從理論與實驗的雙重角度出發(fā)分別分析了HR體系的多級電離特性、吸附成膜特性以及螯合特性,對該體系的各項性能從機理上進(jìn)行分析論證；確定了該體系與碳酸鹽巖反應(yīng)時的主要反應(yīng)機理為酸化反應(yīng)與螯合反應(yīng)共同作用。(2)通過實驗手段對HR非常規(guī)酸液體系的各項性能進(jìn)行了評價,并與常規(guī)酸液體系的各項性能進(jìn)行了對比。討論了動態(tài)條件下,pH值、反應(yīng)溫度以及轉(zhuǎn)速對碳酸鹽巖的溶蝕能力的影響,并獲取了不同溫度條件下HR體系的有效傳質(zhì)系數(shù)；通過螯合滴定實驗測定了HR體系對各金屬離子的螯合力,所得結(jié)果均優(yōu)于常規(guī)螯合酸液體系；利用巖芯流動實驗對各種酸液體系的蚓孔刻蝕能力進(jìn)行對比分析,實驗結(jié)論表明在相同條件下HR體系更易在碳酸鹽巖芯中形成高導(dǎo)流能力的酸蝕蚓孔；在高溫條件下,HR體系能夠保證良好的緩蝕性能,滿足行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(3)圍繞HR非常規(guī)酸液體系的特性,提出碳酸鹽巖儲層非常規(guī)酸化改造相關(guān)工藝。通過推導(dǎo)建立僅適用于螯合酸液體系的碳酸鹽巖蚓孔擴(kuò)展數(shù)學(xué)模型,得出了蚓孔增長速率與突破體積模型；給出了酸液用量、最佳注酸速率、關(guān)井時間等相關(guān)施工參數(shù)的計算方法。(4)結(jié)合碳酸鹽巖儲層條件,模擬了不同溫度下HR非常規(guī)酸液體系的最佳注酸速率,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場施工時最大泵注壓力的需求和限制,可以對HR非常規(guī)酸液體系的pH值進(jìn)行優(yōu)選；繪制了碳酸鹽巖儲層非常規(guī)酸化最佳注酸速率模板,為碳酸鹽巖儲層非常規(guī)酸化工藝提供了指導(dǎo)作用。通過本論文的研究,提出了一套適用于碳酸鹽巖儲層基質(zhì)深穿透酸化的非常規(guī)酸液體系,并以該體系為核心技術(shù)形成了對現(xiàn)場施工具有實際指導(dǎo)意義的非常規(guī)酸化工藝。本論文的研究成果對碳酸鹽巖儲層酸化提出了一種新方法,能夠解決目前常規(guī)碳酸鹽巖儲層酸化過程中存在的一些問題,對今后碳酸鹽巖儲層酸化技術(shù)的發(fā)展具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Acidizing technology has been widely used in carbonate reservoir production, and the design and selection of acid system is very important. However, the conventional acid solution system has some problems such as too fast reaction rate and strong corrosiveness, so it is difficult to form effective acid wormhole. In this paper, a new unconventional acid system HRs with the characteristics of slow speed, long effect and strong penetration ability is developed for carbonate reservoir, and a set of unconventional acidizing modification technology for carbonate reservoir is put forward. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the main structure of HR unconventional acid system is analyzed by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the acidity curve is drawn by titration experiment. The multistage ionization characteristics, adsorption film-forming characteristics and chelating characteristics of HR system were analyzed from the view of theory and experiment, respectively. The main reaction mechanism of this system is acidizing reaction and chelating reaction. The performance of HR unconventional acid solution system is evaluated by means of experiment. The properties of the system were compared with those of the conventional acid system. The effects of pH value, reaction temperature and rotational speed on the dissolution capacity of carbonate rock under dynamic conditions were discussed, and the effective mass transfer coefficients of HR system at different temperatures were obtained. The chelating force of HR system to various metal ions was measured by chelating titration experiment, and the results obtained were superior to those of conventional chelate acid system. The experimental results show that it is easier for HR system to form acid wormhole with high conductivity in carbonate core under the same conditions, and that HR system can guarantee good corrosion inhibition performance at high temperature. According to the characteristic of HR unconventional acid system, the related technology of unconventional acidizing modification of carbonate reservoir is put forward. A mathematical model of vermis pore expansion in carbonate rock is established, which is only suitable for chelate acid system, and the growth rate and breakthrough volume model of vermis pore are obtained, and the amount of acid solution and the optimum acid injection rate are given. According to carbonate reservoir conditions, the optimum acid injection rate of HR unconventional acid system at different temperatures is simulated, and the requirement and limitation of maximum pump injection pressure during field operation are combined. The pH value of HR unconventional acid system can be optimized, and the optimum acid injection rate template of unconventional acidification in carbonate reservoir is drawn, which provides guidance for unconventional acidification process in carbonate reservoir. Through the research of this paper, a set of unconventional acid system suitable for deep penetration acidification of carbonate reservoir matrix is put forward, and the unconventional acidizing process with practical guiding significance for field construction is formed with this system as the core technology. The research results of this paper propose a new method for acidification of carbonate reservoirs, which can solve some problems existing in the acidification process of conventional carbonate reservoirs. It has certain guiding significance for the development of acidizing technology of carbonate reservoir in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE357.2

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