本文選題：含水率 + 同軸相位　； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于長(zhǎng)期注水開(kāi)發(fā),我國(guó)多數(shù)油田已經(jīng)進(jìn)入高含水開(kāi)發(fā)階段。準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量油井各層段含水率、實(shí)現(xiàn)有效封堵對(duì)油田開(kāi)發(fā)、穩(wěn)產(chǎn)極為重要,可避免無(wú)效水循環(huán),提高水驅(qū)開(kāi)發(fā)效率,延長(zhǎng)油田開(kāi)發(fā)壽命。含水率測(cè)量已然成為油田開(kāi)采過(guò)程中動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的重要參數(shù)。但井下油水兩相流的流體復(fù)雜,原油含水率測(cè)量難度大,同軸相位法含水率儀系統(tǒng)就是從當(dāng)前油田高含水開(kāi)采階段,油水兩相含水率測(cè)量難、測(cè)準(zhǔn)難這一實(shí)際問(wèn)題出發(fā),從測(cè)量理論、傳感器研制、電路設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)處理等方面做了深入分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。本文首先分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外原油含水率測(cè)量技術(shù)的發(fā)展,介紹了目前普遍使用的原油含水率測(cè)量方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并針對(duì)我國(guó)高含水原油開(kāi)采的特點(diǎn),選擇了同軸相位法,該方法利用電磁波傳播特性測(cè)量原油含水率,電磁波在油水混合液體內(nèi)傳播時(shí)產(chǎn)生的相位偏移系數(shù),偏移系數(shù)的大小會(huì)跟隨原油含水率有規(guī)律的變化。文中詳細(xì)分析了影響測(cè)量精度的外在因素,對(duì)同軸相傳感器進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),經(jīng)過(guò)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)后的同軸傳感器減小了外界環(huán)境因素對(duì)含水率測(cè)量的干擾,提高了測(cè)量精度,滿足了油田開(kāi)采的動(dòng)態(tài)需求,為油田數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè),制定注采措施提供了可靠的依據(jù)。在測(cè)量理論分析基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)井下含水率儀系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì),主要包括:井下儀器的硬件設(shè)計(jì)、井下儀器的軟件設(shè)計(jì)和井上監(jiān)控管理軟件的設(shè)計(jì)。井下硬件中,主要設(shè)計(jì)了電磁波發(fā)生器、電磁波放大器和相位差檢測(cè)器,還簡(jiǎn)要介紹了輔助采集系統(tǒng)電路設(shè)計(jì),減小外界環(huán)境引入的測(cè)量誤差,為含水率的校準(zhǔn)提供了參考依據(jù)。井下軟件設(shè)計(jì)介紹了含水率儀的工作流程,上位機(jī)監(jiān)控管理介紹了軟件的功能和實(shí)現(xiàn)原理。先導(dǎo)井實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了含水率儀的穩(wěn)定性、精度等特性,并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)大數(shù)據(jù)擬合了三維標(biāo)定圖版,根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了圖版準(zhǔn)確性,證明了同軸相位法含水率儀系統(tǒng)的可行性,對(duì)高含水油田的含水率的準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Due to long-term waterflooding, most oil fields in China have entered the stage of high water cut development. It is very important for oil field development to accurately measure the water cut of each layer of oil well and to realize effective plugging, which can avoid invalid water circulation, improve the efficiency of water drive development and prolong the development life of oil field. Water cut measurement has become an important parameter in dynamic monitoring of oilfield production. However, the fluid of oil-water two-phase flow is complicated, and the measurement of water cut of crude oil is very difficult. The system of water-cut meter based on coaxial phase method is based on the practical problem that the measurement of oil-water two-phase water cut is difficult and accurate at present stage of high water-cut production in oil field. From the measurement theory, sensor development, circuit design, data processing and other aspects of in-depth analysis and experimental research. This paper first analyzes the development of crude oil moisture content measurement technology at home and abroad, introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used oil water cut measurement methods at present, and selects the coaxial phase method according to the characteristics of high water-cut crude oil production in China. In this method, the water content of crude oil is measured by electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics. The phase shift coefficient of electromagnetic wave propagating in oil-water mixture will change regularly with the oil water content. In this paper, the external factors affecting the measurement accuracy are analyzed in detail, and the coaxial phase sensor is optimized. After the optimization design, the interference of the external environmental factors to the moisture content measurement is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved. It meets the dynamic demand of oilfield production and provides a reliable basis for oilfield data monitoring and the formulation of injection-production measures. Based on the analysis of measurement theory, the system of downhole water cut meter is designed, including the hardware design of downhole instrument, the software design of downhole instrument and the design of monitoring and management software on well. In the downhole hardware, the electromagnetic wave generator, the electromagnetic wave amplifier and the phase difference detector are mainly designed. The circuit design of the auxiliary acquisition system is also briefly introduced to reduce the measurement error caused by the external environment. It provides a reference for the calibration of moisture content. The design of downhole software introduces the working flow of moisture content meter, and the function and realization principle of the software are introduced. The stability, precision and other characteristics of the water cut meter are analyzed experimentally by the pilot well. According to the experimental big data, the three-dimensional calibration plate is fitted. The accuracy of the plate is verified according to the experiment, and the feasibility of the water cut meter system of the coaxial phase method is proved. The accurate measurement of water cut in high water cut oilfield has a good application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE937

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