本文選題：聚丙烯酰胺凝膠 + 穩(wěn)定性��； 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著采油不斷加深,溫度與地層水的礦化度也在不斷增大,各大油田將高溫高鹽油藏作為開(kāi)采重點(diǎn)。聚丙烯酰胺凝膠由于自身分子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分的原因,在高溫條件下長(zhǎng)期使用會(huì)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重老化,從而引起粘度和吸附量降低,導(dǎo)致堵劑效果不理想,無(wú)法滿足現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用要求。為解決聚丙烯酰胺凝膠在高溫高鹽油藏的應(yīng)用難題,彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有研究中的不足之處,本論文開(kāi)展了聚丙烯酰胺凝膠的高溫穩(wěn)定性研究,為豐富和發(fā)展聚丙烯酰胺凝膠的高溫老化機(jī)理,研制和開(kāi)發(fā)抗高溫聚丙烯酰胺聚合物,提供重要的理論基礎(chǔ)與有效的解決對(duì)策。本論文首先以丙烯酰胺單體為原料,以過(guò)硫酸銨為引發(fā)劑,以N,N'-亞甲基雙丙烯酰胺(BIS)為交聯(lián)劑,分別制備出線性聚丙烯酰胺和交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠。將得到的凝膠在150℃下老化12 h后通過(guò)紅外、核磁分析其結(jié)構(gòu)變化特征,從而解析線性聚丙烯酰胺和交聯(lián)鍵的結(jié)構(gòu)變化特征;其次,將BIS交聯(lián)的聚丙烯酰胺凝膠在150℃下老化12 h后,利用X射線能譜(EDS)和X射線光電子能譜(XPS)分析分子結(jié)構(gòu)變化特征,結(jié)合波譜分析結(jié)果研究BIS交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠的高溫老化機(jī)理;再次,基于聚丙烯酰胺凝膠高溫老化機(jī)理的研究,在分子結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、添加抑制劑等方面提出對(duì)策,來(lái)提高聚丙烯酰胺凝膠的高溫穩(wěn)定性,并通過(guò)具體實(shí)驗(yàn)評(píng)價(jià)所提出對(duì)策的效果;最后為評(píng)價(jià)PBIS交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠應(yīng)用價(jià)值的大小,通過(guò)質(zhì)構(gòu)儀分析兩種凝膠老化前后的強(qiáng)度與韌度變化情況,通過(guò)巖心模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)兩種凝膠的封堵率和剖面改善率進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),考察其應(yīng)用效果。研究表明:1.交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠150℃高溫老化過(guò)程中會(huì)發(fā)生主鏈斷裂、交聯(lián)斷裂和酰胺水解三個(gè)主要的結(jié)構(gòu)變化特征。2.交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠的主鏈斷裂機(jī)理是熱解氧化反應(yīng),交聯(lián)斷裂和側(cè)鏈酰胺水解的機(jī)理是親核取代反應(yīng)。3.用六亞甲基四胺/對(duì)苯二酚(PBIS)代替N,N-亞甲基雙丙烯酰胺(BIS)交聯(lián)丙烯酰胺,對(duì)制得的聚丙烯酰胺凝膠進(jìn)行高溫老化實(shí)驗(yàn),抗高溫能力顯著提高。4.PBIS交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠在150℃老化前后的強(qiáng)度和韌度,封堵率以及剖面改善率,均優(yōu)于BIS交聯(lián)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠,具有較好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of oil production, the temperature and salinity of formation water are also increasing, and the oil reservoirs with high temperature and high salt are regarded as the key points of exploitation. Because of its molecular structure and composition, the polyacrylamide gel will be used for a long time under high temperature, which will cause serious aging, which will lead to the decrease of viscosity and adsorption capacity, resulting in unsatisfactory plugging effect, which can not meet the requirements of field application. In order to solve the problem of application of polyacrylamide gel in high temperature and high salt reservoirs and to make up for the shortcomings of the existing research, the high temperature stability of polyacrylamide gel was studied in this paper. In order to enrich and develop the high temperature aging mechanism of polyacrylamide gel and to develop the high temperature resistant polyacrylamide polymer, this paper provides an important theoretical basis and effective solutions. In this paper, linear polyacrylamide and cross-linked polyacrylamide gel were prepared by using acrylamide monomer as raw material, ammonium persulfate as initiator, and NNT-methylene bisacrylamide (BIS) as crosslinking agent, respectively. After aging at 150 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1801054