本文選題：腐蝕速率 + 硬垢　； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,國內(nèi)大部分油田進(jìn)入開采中后期,油田采出液含水量越來越高。隨著三元復(fù)合驅(qū)技術(shù)的開展,油田采出水水質(zhì)復(fù)雜多變,水中礦化度高,含有大量腐蝕性無機(jī)離子、成垢離子和一些能造成腐蝕的溶解性氣體,給集輸系統(tǒng)帶來了嚴(yán)重的腐蝕結(jié)垢問題。本文模擬現(xiàn)場采出水水質(zhì)進(jìn)行集輸管線鋼腐蝕結(jié)垢實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了采出水腐蝕結(jié)垢機(jī)制和各因素對腐蝕結(jié)垢規(guī)律影響。 首先,采用動靜態(tài)失重法測試不同因素影響下X65動、靜態(tài)腐蝕速率：溫度(30-70。C)影響下,動態(tài)腐蝕速率大于靜態(tài)腐蝕速率,動態(tài)腐蝕速率在50。C時(shí)達(dá)到最大值,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率在60℃時(shí)達(dá)到最大值；礦化度(6170～30850mg/L)影響下,動態(tài)腐蝕速在24680mg/L時(shí)達(dá)到最小值,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率在18510mg/L時(shí)達(dá)到最大值；隨HPAM濃度(0～2500mg/L)增加,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率下降,HPAM濃度為1000mg/L時(shí),對動態(tài)腐蝕抑制作用最強(qiáng)；隨pH值(8-12)的增大,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率呈下降趨勢；隨流速(0～1m/s)增大,動態(tài)腐蝕速率不斷增大。然后,采用EDTA滴定法測試動態(tài)下各因素對采出水結(jié)垢規(guī)律影響：隨溫度(30～80℃)升高,Ca2+濃度逐漸降低,Mg2+濃度波動較大；隨流速(0.2～0.85m/s)增大,Ca2+濃度先減小后增大,最后變化趨于平緩,Mg2+濃度呈下降趨勢；隨pH值增大,鈣、鎂離子濃度都減�。浑SHPAM濃度(0～2500mg/L)的增大,Ca2+濃度先增后減,Mg2+濃度變化不大。結(jié)合EDTA滴定法和軟硬垢測試法,測試靜態(tài)下各因素對采出水結(jié)垢規(guī)律影響：隨溫度(40-80℃)升高、pH值(7-12)增大,鈣鎂離子濃度降低,結(jié)垢量增多；隨著HPAM濃度(0-2500mg/L)增加,含聚溶液結(jié)垢量較未加入HPAM溶液結(jié)垢量少,當(dāng)HPAM濃度為1500mg/L時(shí),HPAM對結(jié)垢過程抑制作用最大；隨時(shí)問的增長,含聚溶液總垢量先增后減再升高。 最后,對不同時(shí)間反應(yīng)后的X65試樣產(chǎn)物膜進(jìn)行SEM和XRD分析。分析得到：反應(yīng)2h的試樣表面產(chǎn)物呈針狀,針尖處長有觸須；反應(yīng)4h后,觸須長大、數(shù)量增多,逐漸向針狀物中部生長；8h時(shí),觸須越來越多,并長大呈團(tuán),逐漸覆蓋了針狀物。前2h反應(yīng)體系主要以腐蝕電化學(xué)反應(yīng)為主,腐蝕結(jié)垢產(chǎn)物是Fe3O4、Fe(OH)2和微量CaCO3,4h后出現(xiàn)氧化鐵,碳酸鈣結(jié)垢逐漸增多；8h后CaCO3、Fe2O3、Fe(OH)2含量不斷增多。對反應(yīng)8h后X65試樣腐蝕結(jié)垢膜層進(jìn)行能譜分析,試樣腐蝕結(jié)垢層大致可分為三層：氧化層、中間層和結(jié)垢層。對X65試樣腐蝕結(jié)垢膜層形成過程進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)分析得到：試樣腐蝕結(jié)垢膜形成過程大致分為三個(gè)階段,第一階段為金屬基體表面氧化膜生成階段,第二階段為金屬基體表面產(chǎn)物層迅速成長期,第三階段為腐蝕結(jié)垢層的穩(wěn)定期。
[Abstract]:At present, the water content of produced fluid is higher and higher in most oil fields in China. With the development of ASP flooding technology, the produced water quality is complex and changeable, the water salinity is high, and it contains a lot of corrosive inorganic ions, scaling ions and some dissolved gases that can cause corrosion. It brings serious corrosion and scaling problem to the gathering and transportation system. In this paper, the corrosion scaling experiment of gathering pipeline steel was carried out by simulating the water quality of produced water. The corrosion and scaling mechanism and the influence of various factors on corrosion and scaling law were studied. Firstly, the dynamic and static corrosion rate of X65 under the influence of different factors: temperature 30-70. C), the dynamic corrosion rate is larger than the static corrosion rate, and the dynamic corrosion rate reaches the maximum at 50.C. The static corrosion rate reached the maximum at 60 鈩，

本文編號：1800290