本文選題：油水分離 + 旋流離心場　； 參考：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：潤滑油廣泛應(yīng)用于機械、電力、運輸及化工等領(lǐng)域,在國民經(jīng)濟中占有重要的地位。潤滑油長時間反復(fù)使用會降低其理化性質(zhì)生成工業(yè)廢油,針對工業(yè)廢油的脫水凈化處理是潤滑油產(chǎn)品鏈上一個極其重要的環(huán)節(jié)。一般情況下,單一工藝方法很難實現(xiàn)廢油高效破乳脫水處理,將兩種及以上的工藝方法或單元操作通過耦合集成,完成常規(guī)工藝難以適應(yīng)的分離過程,是破乳脫水技術(shù)發(fā)展的主流。鑒于此,開展工業(yè)廢油旋流離心場-脈沖電場-真空溫度場協(xié)同破乳脫水裝置的設(shè)計研究和實驗,具有重要的理論意義和工程應(yīng)用價值。首先,從電介質(zhì)物理學(xué)角度,以電流體動力學(xué)(EHD)理論為基礎(chǔ),對脈沖電場作用下油中液滴伸縮變形理論進行了理論分析。通過對液滴內(nèi)外速度場與流動應(yīng)力分析,研究液滴在脈沖電場作用下的變形機理。運用COMSOL Multiphysics軟件仿真模擬、電破乳實驗對理論建模和計算的可靠性進行驗證。其次,針對旋流離心破乳脫水單元,利用CFD軟件選擇Reynolds應(yīng)力湍流模型對旋流器脫水效果進行計算仿真,并對旋流器參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將脈沖電場集成于旋流腔段內(nèi)部,耦合旋流離心場和脈沖電場,通過COMSOL軟件進行三維流場仿真,研究不同入口流速、脈沖電場頻率和脈沖電壓幅值條件下耦合單元旋流腔段、大錐段、小錐段及底流直管段軸心截線上內(nèi)部流體總速度及各速度分量的變化規(guī)律,得到旋流離心場-脈沖電場耦合單元最佳參數(shù)組合。最后,設(shè)計試制了三場協(xié)同破乳脫水裝置,開展多參數(shù)條件下的破乳脫水實驗。運用四因素五水平正交實驗方法,由正交實驗結(jié)果進行極差分析得到裝置脫水效果最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合。在此基礎(chǔ)上開展單因素實驗,研究入口流速、脈沖電場頻率、脈沖電壓幅值及加熱溫度對裝置脫水效率的影響規(guī)律,最終確定更精確的參數(shù)組合。本研究通過理論分析、數(shù)值仿真和實驗的手段對工業(yè)廢油三場協(xié)同脫水裝置進行了設(shè)計及相關(guān)理論研究,為多場集成脫水技術(shù)的工程應(yīng)用提供了一定的理論支撐。
[Abstract]:Lubricating oil is widely used in machinery, electric power, transportation and chemical industry and plays an important role in the national economy. Long time repeated use of lubricating oil will reduce its physicochemical properties to produce industrial waste oil. Dehydration and purification of industrial waste oil is an extremely important link in the product chain of lubricating oil. In general, it is difficult to realize high efficiency demulsification and dehydration treatment of waste oil by a single process. Two or more process methods or unit operations are integrated by coupling to complete the separation process which is difficult to adapt by conventional technology. It is the mainstream of demulsification and dehydration technology. In view of this, it is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value to develop the design and experiment of a synergistic demulsification and dehydration device of industrial waste oil swirl centrifugal field, pulse electric field and vacuum temperature field. Firstly, from the point of view of dielectric physics, based on the theory of electrohydrodynamics (EHD), the theory of droplet stretching deformation in oil under the action of pulsed electric field is analyzed theoretically. By analyzing the velocity field and flow stress inside and outside the droplet, the deformation mechanism of the droplet under the action of pulsed electric field is studied. The reliability of theoretical modeling and calculation is verified by COMSOL Multiphysics simulation and electrical demulsification experiment. Secondly, for the hydrocyclone centrifugal demulsification and dehydration unit, the Reynolds stress turbulence model is selected by CFD software to simulate the dehydration effect of the hydrocyclone, and the parameters of the cyclone are optimized. On this basis, the pulsed electric field is integrated into the swirl cavity, coupled with the swirl centrifugal field and the pulsed electric field, the three-dimensional flow field is simulated by COMSOL software, and the different inlet velocities are studied. Under the condition of pulse electric field frequency and pulse voltage amplitude, the variation law of the total velocity and velocity components of the internal fluid on the axial section of the axial section of the coupling unit, the large cone section, the small cone section and the bottom flow pipe segment, is obtained. The optimum parameter combination of centrifugal field and pulse electric field coupling element is obtained. Finally, three field collaborative demulsification dehydration device was designed and manufactured, and the demulsification dehydration experiment was carried out under the condition of multiple parameters. By using the method of four factors and five levels orthogonal experiment, the optimum parameters combination of dewatering effect of the device is obtained by using the range analysis of the results of the orthogonal experiment. On this basis, single-factor experiments were carried out to study the influence of inlet velocity, pulse electric field frequency, pulse voltage amplitude and heating temperature on the dehydration efficiency of the device. Finally, a more accurate parameter combination was determined. Based on the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experiment, the paper designs the three-field synergistic dehydration device for industrial waste oil, and provides some theoretical support for the engineering application of multi-field integrated dehydration technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;TE626.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王貞濤;董慶銘;張永輝;王軍鋒;;靜電場中液滴變形及內(nèi)部流動的研究[J];高�；瘜W(xué)工程學(xué)報;2015年05期

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本文編號：1782503