本文選題：低張力泡沫驅(qū) + 室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)��； 參考：《中國石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國油田大多屬于陸相沉積儲層,油田大多進(jìn)入開發(fā)的中后期,多數(shù)處于高含水和高采出程度階段,并且地層非均質(zhì)性較為嚴(yán)重,加之低滲、稠油等難開發(fā)的油田越來越多,傳統(tǒng)注水開發(fā)效果越來越差。如何提高這類油田的采收率,越來越受到科研人員的重視。低張力泡沫驅(qū)油是一種有效的三次采油技術(shù),針對非均質(zhì)嚴(yán)重、低滲、稠油等開采難度大的油田尤為有效。低張力泡沫既具有傳統(tǒng)泡沫的高強(qiáng)度的調(diào)剖能力,又兼具低張力洗油功能,可大幅度提高油田的波及體積和洗油效率,進(jìn)而提高采收率。有效的生成穩(wěn)定的泡沫是低張力泡沫驅(qū)成功與否的關(guān)鍵,泡沫在地層中不斷的生成-破滅-再生成,是一個動態(tài)變化的過程,泡沫的再生性能決定了泡沫的動態(tài)穩(wěn)定,所以研究低張力泡沫再生規(guī)律具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文主要通過理論分析、評價實(shí)驗(yàn)、巖心驅(qū)替實(shí)驗(yàn)、微觀可視化實(shí)驗(yàn),對泡沫的性能,生成、破滅、再生機(jī)理,運(yùn)移規(guī)律,以及封堵性能等進(jìn)行了研究。起泡劑評價實(shí)驗(yàn)表明濃度越高泡沫性能越好,但達(dá)到臨界膠束濃度之后,繼續(xù)增大濃度效果增加不明顯,地層水的稀釋和地層的吸附使得濃度降低,原油對泡沫的生成具有消極作用。一維巖心驅(qū)替實(shí)驗(yàn)表明隨著注入速度的增加,封堵效果增強(qiáng),氣液比過低和過高對泡沫的生成和再生都不利,在中高滲地層中泡沫封堵作用更強(qiáng)。微觀刻蝕模型實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,泡沫在地層中是不斷生成-破滅-再生成的,起泡劑溶液與氣體流動過程中通過液膜滯后、縮頸分離、薄膜分?jǐn)嗌膳菽?流速越大、起泡劑濃度越高,生成的泡沫越尺寸越小、越均勻。對比含油和不含油的泡沫聚并實(shí)驗(yàn),可以看出原油的加入加速了泡沫的破滅速度。泡沫的破滅主要是通過液膜的排液作用和氣體擴(kuò)散作用,使得小氣泡聚并成大氣泡,降低泡沫的表面自由能。長巖心實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,泡沫在地層中是活塞式推進(jìn)的,通過地層的剪切泡沫性能越來越好,封堵能力越來越強(qiáng),同時低張力泡沫具有很強(qiáng)的洗油能力,能大幅度提高采收率。
[Abstract]:The oil field in our country mostly belongs to the continental sedimentary reservoir oil, mostly into the late stage of development, in the majority of high water content and high recovery degree, and heterogeneity is more serious, coupled with low permeability oil and heavy oil, more difficult to develop, the effect of traditional water flooding development more and more. How to improve the recovery rate of this kind of oil, more and more attention from researchers. Low tension foam flooding is an effective three oil recovery technology, aiming at the serious heterogeneity, low permeability, especially the difficulty of exploitation of the oil and heavy oil. Low tension foam has high strength of traditional foam profile control ability, but also the low tension of oil function, oil sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency can be greatly improved, so as to improve the recovery rate. The effective formation of stable foam is low tension is the key to the success of foam flooding, foam in the stratum continuously forms - burst again Generation is a dynamic process of change, the regeneration performance of the foam determines the dynamic stability of foam, so the low tension foam recycling law is of practical significance. This paper mainly through theoretical analysis, experimental evaluation, core displacement experiment, the microscopic visualization experiments on the properties of foam generation, burst, regeneration mechanism, migration the law, as well as the plugging performance were studied. The foaming agent evaluation experiments show that the higher the concentration of foam performance is better, but reaches the critical micelle concentration, continue to increase the effect of concentration did not increase significantly, formation water dilution and formation adsorption makes lower concentrations of crude oil generation of bubbles has negative effect. One dimensional core displacement experiment show that with the increase of injection rate, the blocking effect is enhanced, low and high gas-liquid ratio of foam generation and regeneration are unfavorable, foam plugging effect is stronger in the hypertonic micro stratum. Show that the etching model experiment in the formation of foam is generated continuously - shattered - again generated by liquid foaming agent solution, hysteresis and gas flow in the process of necking separation, film breaking bubbles, the bigger the flow is, the higher the concentration of foaming agent, foam generated more smaller, more uniform compared with oil. And no oil bubble coalescence experiments, we can see that the oil addition accelerates the bubble burst speed. The bursting of the bubble is mainly through the drainage effect and gas diffusion membrane, the small bubble coalescence into large bubbles, reducing the surface free energy. The bubble shows that the long core experiment, the foam in the stratum is the piston, through better performance of shear foam formation, the sealing ability is more and more strong, and the low tension foam has a strong cleaning ability, can greatly improve the recovery rate.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.46

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本文編號：1772247