本文選題：頁(yè)巖油泥 + 表面活性劑�。� 參考：《東北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：頁(yè)巖油泥是油頁(yè)巖干餾生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的含油量很高的廢棄物。在油頁(yè)巖干餾過(guò)程中,破碎之后的油頁(yè)巖經(jīng)過(guò)干餾爐低溫?zé)峤?會(huì)產(chǎn)出頁(yè)巖油蒸汽、瓦斯氣、水蒸氣等油氣揮發(fā)產(chǎn)物,導(dǎo)出的氣體中包含破碎過(guò)程中沒(méi)有被篩掉的、運(yùn)輸及摩擦過(guò)程產(chǎn)生的頁(yè)巖粉塵,進(jìn)而形成一種包含油、水、粉塵等的半固體狀的親油性物質(zhì)。回收頁(yè)巖油泥中的頁(yè)巖油,降低油泥對(duì)環(huán)境的危害,減少資源的浪費(fèi)。本文利用熱水洗滌法與有機(jī)試劑萃取相結(jié)合的方法處理頁(yè)巖油泥,得到最優(yōu)的試驗(yàn)工況,對(duì)試驗(yàn)的產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行研究。采用熱水洗滌法處理龍口頁(yè)巖油泥。利用純水清洗頁(yè)巖油泥,考察液固比、攪拌頻率、清洗溫度、清洗時(shí)間對(duì)油回收的影響,確定純水清洗的最佳工況。經(jīng)過(guò)試劑篩選、復(fù)配,確定試劑配方為OP-10:Na2SiO3=1:3。通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化工況,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:溫度70℃,攪拌頻率330 r/min,清洗時(shí)間30 min,液固比為5:1,OP-10:Na2SiO3=1:3的濃度為6.0 g/L,含油率為60.31%的頁(yè)巖油泥經(jīng)過(guò)熱化學(xué)法清洗后,殘油率為2.84%。通過(guò)比較極差的大小,各因素對(duì)清洗效果影響的大小順序?yàn)?試劑濃度溫度液固比攪拌頻率。在清洗試驗(yàn)后,清洗液可以循環(huán)使用,剩余的油泥渣制作成磚,進(jìn)而減少對(duì)環(huán)境的二次污染。有機(jī)試劑萃取頁(yè)巖油泥,利用四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、石油醚、乙醇分別萃取油泥,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)萃取時(shí)間為36h時(shí),萃取率趨于穩(wěn)定,萃取率分別為:75.93%、87.02%、80.65%、90.38%。組合方式處理頁(yè)巖油泥,利用LAS、OP-10、Na2SiO3分別清洗油泥,利用四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、石油醚、乙醇分別萃取清洗后的油泥,萃取時(shí)間為36h,結(jié)果表明:Na2SiO3清洗與二氯甲烷萃取組合處理油泥的除油率較高,除油率為58.97%;油泥的礦物質(zhì)組成基本沒(méi)有變化,但衍射強(qiáng)度增加,伊蒙混層消失;由SEM分析可知,試驗(yàn)過(guò)程會(huì)對(duì)油泥的微觀形貌產(chǎn)生一定得影響,油泥呈現(xiàn)網(wǎng)狀溝壑結(jié)構(gòu),其分散程度和比表面積均有增加。
[Abstract]:Shale sludge is a kind of waste with high oil content in oil shale retort production.In the process of oil shale retorting, the broken oil shale is pyrolyzed at low temperature in the retorting furnace, which will produce oil and gas volatile products such as shale oil vapor, gas gas, water vapor and so on. The derived gas contains the oil shale that has not been sifted out during the crushing process.Shale dust produced by transportation and friction processes, thus forming a semi-solid hydrophilic substance containing oil, water, dust, etc.The recovery of shale oil from shale mud reduces the harm of mud to the environment and the waste of resources.In this paper, the method of hot water washing and organic reagent extraction is used to treat shale oil sludge, and the optimum test condition is obtained. The product of the experiment is studied.Longkou shale mud was treated by hot water washing method.The effects of liquid-solid ratio, stirring frequency, cleaning temperature and cleaning time on oil recovery were investigated by using pure water to clean shale oil mud. The optimum conditions of pure water cleaning were determined.The formula of the reagent was determined as OP-10: Na _ 2SiO _ 3 1: 3.Through orthogonal test, the results show that when the temperature is 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1769971