本文選題：天然氣門站 + 流量監(jiān)控　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：天然氣門站是天然氣輸配系統(tǒng)中的重要節(jié)點(diǎn)。天然氣門站對長輸管線輸送過來的天然氣進(jìn)行調(diào)壓限流、過濾等處理后,作為氣源點(diǎn),為廣大居民提供安全、穩(wěn)定、清潔的天然氣供應(yīng)。同時天然氣門站還承擔(dān)著天然氣流量計(jì)量的任務(wù),因關(guān)系到貿(mào)易雙方的利益,所以必須對天然氣流量進(jìn)行精確計(jì)量�；趯﹂T站生產(chǎn)活動實(shí)時監(jiān)控和流量精確計(jì)量的要求,本文旨在設(shè)計(jì)一套具有一定通用性和較高自動化程度的天然氣門站流量監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。本文以天然氣門站流量監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)改造升級項(xiàng)目為背景,采用力控監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件、專用流量計(jì)算機(jī)和西門子PLC,設(shè)計(jì)并開發(fā)一套上下位機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的天然氣門站流量監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),以滿足中小型門站的監(jiān)控需求。本文首先從門站典型的工藝流程出發(fā),對門站進(jìn)行需求分析,進(jìn)而得出流量監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)框圖以及軟硬件集成方案。下位機(jī)系統(tǒng)可分為流量計(jì)量單元和閥門控制單元兩個部分；本文重點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)閥門控制單元的結(jié)構(gòu),分析閥門控制所需的I/O信號；為了實(shí)現(xiàn)閥門控制的高可靠性,對閥門控制單元進(jìn)行冗余設(shè)計(jì),分析S7-400硬冗余結(jié)構(gòu)的組成；采用PID算法實(shí)現(xiàn)電動調(diào)節(jié)閥的自動控制方式;最后對閥門控制單元進(jìn)行硬件組態(tài),開發(fā)閥門控制程序。上位機(jī)流量監(jiān)控軟件是本文實(shí)現(xiàn)的重點(diǎn)。利用力控靈活的“組態(tài)”方式,可以在較短時間內(nèi)開發(fā)出一款功能齊全、性能穩(wěn)定的監(jiān)控軟件。上位機(jī)監(jiān)控軟件在工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)上采用Modbus/TCP協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)與流量計(jì)算機(jī)和PLC的數(shù)據(jù)通信；提供友好的用戶界面,協(xié)助用戶實(shí)時監(jiān)測工藝流程、生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)、設(shè)備狀態(tài)等信息,設(shè)置現(xiàn)場設(shè)備的參數(shù)等；將采集的生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)周期性轉(zhuǎn)儲到關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫中,利用SQL腳本對流量和單參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析；還支持歷史數(shù)據(jù)、趨勢曲線、統(tǒng)計(jì)報表的查詢及打印輸出等功能；當(dāng)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)異常情況時,能及時向用戶報警,并記錄報警信息和事件信息。本文最后對流量監(jiān)控軟件的主要功能進(jìn)行測試,包括上下位機(jī)間的通信,監(jiān)控畫面的實(shí)時變化,參數(shù)設(shè)置,歷史數(shù)據(jù)、趨勢曲線、統(tǒng)計(jì)報表的查詢,用戶管理等功能�？傮w上看,本系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo),能夠滿足中小規(guī)模的天然氣門站對氣體流量的監(jiān)控需求,提高了門站生產(chǎn)管理的效率,為今后通用型流量監(jiān)控軟件研發(fā)提供了一個實(shí)踐的思路。
[Abstract]:Natural gas gate station is an important node in natural gas transmission and distribution system.The natural gas gate station is used as a gas source to provide safe, stable and clean natural gas supply for the majority of residents after the treatment of regulating pressure and limiting the flow and filtering of the natural gas transported by the long distance pipeline.At the same time, the gas gate station also undertakes the task of natural gas Flowmeter, because it is related to the interests of both sides of the trade, it is necessary to accurately measure the natural gas flow.Based on the requirements of real-time monitoring and accurate flow measurement of gate station production activity, this paper aims to design a set of natural gas gate station flow monitoring system with certain generality and high automation level.Based on the upgrading project of flow monitoring system of natural gas gate station, this paper designs and develops a flow monitoring system of natural gas gate station using force control configuration software, special flow computer and Siemens PLC.To meet the monitoring needs of small and medium gate stations.Based on the typical technological process of the gate station, this paper analyzes the requirements of the gate station, and then obtains the overall structure of the flow monitoring system and the software and hardware integration scheme.The lower computer system can be divided into two parts: flow measurement unit and valve control unit. In this paper, the structure of valve control unit is designed, and the I / O signal needed for valve control is analyzed.The redundancy design of valve control unit is carried out, the composition of S7-400 hard redundant structure is analyzed; the automatic control mode of electric control valve is realized by PID algorithm; finally, the hardware configuration of valve control unit is carried out and the valve control program is developed.Upper computer flow monitoring software is the focus of this paper.By using the flexible configuration mode of force control, a monitoring software with complete function and stable performance can be developed in a short time.The upper computer monitoring software uses Modbus/TCP protocol to realize the data communication with the flow computer and the PLC on the industrial Ethernet, provides the friendly user interface, assists the user to monitor the process flow, the production data, the equipment status and so on in real time.Set the parameters of the field equipment, periodically dump the collected production data to the relational database, use the SQL script to analyze the flow and single parameter data, and also support the historical data, the trend curve, and so on.The functions of query and print output of statistical report form can alarm the user in time and record alarm information and event information when the system is abnormal.Finally, this paper tests the main functions of the flow monitoring software, including the communication between the upper and lower computers, the real-time change of the monitor screen, the parameter setting, the historical data, the trend curve, the query of the statistical report, the user management and so on.On the whole, the system has achieved the design goal, which can meet the gas flow monitoring requirements of medium and small scale gas gate stations, and improve the efficiency of gate station production management.It provides a practical idea for the research and development of general flow monitoring software in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE97;TP277

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