本文選題：石油射孔彈 + AUTODYN　； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：射孔完井是目前石油開(kāi)采的主要完井方式，將聚能射孔技術(shù)應(yīng)用到石油開(kāi)采中有著極高的技術(shù)要求。因此，聚能石油射孔彈不僅要有足夠的穿深，而且穿孔后不能有杵堵現(xiàn)象，為了使穿孔暢通，通油率高，則要求穿孔直徑應(yīng)當(dāng)足夠大。傳統(tǒng)銅藥型罩射孔彈杵堵現(xiàn)象十分嚴(yán)重，為了消除杵堵，本論文提出一種射孔彈結(jié)構(gòu)上的改進(jìn)方式，使其穿孔達(dá)到無(wú)杵堵、大孔徑和高穿深的要求。 本文在查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)了一種增加擋板的新型結(jié)構(gòu)石油射孔彈，利用ANSYS/AUTODYN-2D有限元程序與傳統(tǒng)石油射孔彈裝藥結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，并對(duì)不同因素對(duì)射流成型影響及擋板對(duì)杵體阻擋的過(guò)程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬，分析了石油射孔彈藥型罩壁厚、錐角、擋板材料、擋板厚度以及擋板開(kāi)孔孔徑對(duì)射流形成和對(duì)杵體的阻擋程度進(jìn)行影響分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)正交優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的方法對(duì)射流速度在不同因素水平組合下進(jìn)行方案設(shè)計(jì)，并進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算，然后通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)處理得出各因素的主次關(guān)系以及最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合，，以射流頭部速度為考察指標(biāo)，最終選取射流較細(xì)、無(wú)杵堵情況，有較高穿深的最優(yōu)解。 研究表明：（1）含擋板的新型結(jié)構(gòu)石油射孔彈與傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)石油射孔彈相比，可以有效的切割阻擋射流杵體，這樣可以減小杵堵現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的概率；（2）擋板結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中，擋板的孔徑大小直接決定形成射流的形狀和穩(wěn)定性；（3）對(duì)于擋板材料的選取，由于形成高溫射流，擋板應(yīng)選熔點(diǎn)比較高的材料，通過(guò)對(duì)計(jì)算結(jié)果分析比較，最終選取鎢作為擋板材料；（3）應(yīng)用正交優(yōu)化的方法針對(duì)四種影響因素對(duì)新型石油射孔彈形成射流速度的主次關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析研究。從而確定最終選擇藥型罩錐角為60°、藥型罩壁厚1.0mm、擋板開(kāi)孔孔徑22mm、擋板厚度為5mm的方案為最優(yōu)解；（4）通過(guò)對(duì)新型石油射孔彈優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)方案進(jìn)行侵徹混凝土靶板時(shí)，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)添加的擋板可以很明顯的截?cái)噼企w，減小杵體對(duì)出油孔堵塞，且對(duì)有效射流的影響較小。
[Abstract]:Perforation completion is the main completion method for oil production at present. It has high technical requirements to apply the shaped energy perforation technology to oil production.Therefore, there should not only be enough penetration depth, but also no pestle plugging after perforation. In order to make the perforation smooth and the oil rate high, the perforation diameter should be large enough.The phenomenon of pestle plugging of traditional copper cartridge cartridge is very serious. In order to eliminate pestle blockage, this paper puts forward an improved method of perforating projectile structure, which can make perforation reach the requirements of no pestle, large aperture and high penetration depth.In this paper, a new type of petroleum perforating projectile with additional baffles is designed on the basis of consulting the relevant literature at home and abroad. The ANSYS/AUTODYN-2D finite element program is used to compare the charge structure of the traditional petroleum perforating projectile with that of the traditional one.The influence of different factors on jet forming and the process of baffle blocking to pestle body were simulated. The wall thickness, cone angle and baffle material of petroleum perforated ammunition cover were analyzed.The influence of baffle thickness and aperture of baffle on jet formation and barrier degree to pestle was analyzed.On this basis, the scheme of jet velocity is designed by orthogonal optimal design method under different factors and horizontal combination, and the numerical simulation is carried out, and then the primary and secondary relationships of each factor and the optimal parameter combination are obtained by data processing.Taking the velocity of the jet head as the index, the optimal solution with higher penetration depth and finer jet with no pestle plugging is selected.The research shows that a new type of petroleum perforating projectile with baffle can cut the jet effectively compared with the traditional one, which can reduce the probability of the phenomenon of pestle blockage in the design of the baffle structure.The diameter of the baffle determines the shape and stability of the jet directly) for the selection of the baffle material, due to the formation of high temperature jet, the material with higher melting point should be selected for the baffle, and the calculated results are analyzed and compared.Finally, tungsten is selected as the baffle material. The orthogonal optimization method is used to analyze the primary and secondary relationship of jet velocity of new petroleum perforating projectile by four factors.It is determined that the final conical angle is 60 擄, the wall thickness is 1.0 mm, the aperture of the baffle is 22mm, and the thickness of the baffle is 5mm. When the optimized structure of the new type of petroleum perforating projectile is penetrated into the concrete target plate,It can be found that the added baffle can obviously truncate the pestle body, reduce the plugging of the oil hole and have little effect on the effective jet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE257.1

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