本文選題：車載鉆機 + 井架�。� 參考：《西南交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：車載鉆機具有結構重量輕、安裝和拆卸方便、操作簡單安全、占地面積小、移運性方便的優(yōu)點,是替代同類模塊鉆機及進口鉆修機的理想設備,市場前景十分廣闊。然而,由于受運輸條件和承載能力的限制,傳統(tǒng)的車載鉆機一般用于3000米及以下的淺井。但是,適應中深井的大噸位車載鉆機的市場需求越來越多,井架、底座作為鉆機的重要組成部分,承受起下鉆,下套管及其它作業(yè)產生的載荷以及風載,自重,設備重量等載荷,受力工況十分復雜。其結構設計及計算關系到整臺鉆機的性能及可靠性,因此,對其進行有限元建模及結構分析具有重要意義。ZJ40CZ鉆機井架、底座、天車是在ZJ30CZ鉆機井架、底座、天車的基礎上發(fā)展而來,井架為前傾式、有繃繩、可伸縮、雙節(jié)套裝式桅型井架。井架立起和放倒由連接在車體大梁和井架下體上的兩個雙作用變輻三級起升液缸來實現(xiàn)。天車與游車滑輪的鋼絲繩采用順穿法,天車附帶避雷針、航標燈、輔助滑輪等裝置。底座分為上、中、下三層以及坡道、逃生滑道、梯子等附件。底座采用低位安裝、平行四邊形整體起升的結構。豎立井架后,用鉆機絞車自身動力(或起重機)將底座頂層鉆臺部分(包括臺面設備)整體起升到工作位置。 為適應更大的承載能力和鉆井深度,井架、底座、天車的有效高度和型材大小都大于ZJ30CZ鉆機井架、底座、天車。本鉆機的設計參數按照GB/T23505《石油鉆機和修井機》確定,最大額定靜鉤載為2250KN,設計工況,包括工作工況1、工作工況2、預期、非預期、起升、運輸等工況。設計計算主要依據API 4F《鉆修井用井架底座規(guī)范》及AISC《美國鋼結構手冊》。采用建筑鋼結構有限元分析軟件SAFI對底座、井架、天車結構進行整體受力分析計算,包括起升下放、工作工況、不同等級的風速、不同載荷組合工況等進行詳細受力計算及分析,包括強度與剛度校核,確保該鉆機達到預期的性能指標,滿足鉆機的總體設計要求。為該鉆機的可靠性提供了理論依據,為鉆機進行API認證提供了文件支撐,同時為應力試驗提供了對比數據,為地基的選擇,井架起升油缸的選型等提供了數據支撐。通過對不同直徑繃繩對井架在各種工況下變形的影響,為繃繩的選擇提供了理論依據。
[Abstract]:Truck drilling rig has the advantages of light structure, convenient installation and disassembly, simple and safe operation, small area and convenient mobility. It is the ideal equipment to replace the similar modular drilling rig and imported drilling machine. The market prospect is very broad.However, due to the limitation of transportation conditions and carrying capacity, the traditional truck rigs are generally used in shallow wells of 3000 meters and below.The equipment weight is equal to the load, the stress condition is very complex.Its structural design and calculation are related to the performance and reliability of the whole rig. Therefore, it is of great significance to model and analyze the structure of the whole rig by finite element method. ZJ40CZ rig Derrick, base and crane are in the Derrick and base of ZJ30CZ drilling rig.Based on the development of the crane, the Derrick is forward-tilted, with taut rope, telescopic, double-section suit mast Derrick.Derrick rise and fall are realized by two double action variable spoke three stage lifting cylinders connected to the body girder and the lower part of the Derrick.The wire rope of skis and trolley pulley adopts the following method. The crane has lightning rod, beacon lamp, auxiliary pulley and so on.The base is divided into upper, middle and lower levels, as well as ramps, escape slides, ladders, and so on.The base adopts the low position installation, parallelogram integral lifting structure.After the Derrick is erected, the top floor part of the base (including countertop equipment) is lifted to the working position by the rig winch itself (or crane).In order to adapt to greater bearing capacity and drilling depth, the effective height and profile size of Derrick, base, crane are larger than that of ZJ30CZ rig Derrick, pedestal and crane.The design parameters of the rig are determined according to GB/T23505 < Oil drilling rig and workover Machine >. The maximum rated static hook load is 2250KN. The design conditions include working condition 1, working condition 2, expected, unexpected, lifting, transportation and so on.The design and calculation are mainly based on API 4F < Derrick Base Specification for drilling and workover > and AISC < American Steel structure Manual.The finite element analysis software SAFI of building steel structure is used to analyze and calculate the overall force on the base, Derrick and crane structure, including lifting down, working condition, wind speed of different grades.Detailed calculation and analysis of different load combination conditions are carried out, including strength and stiffness check to ensure that the rig meets the expected performance index and meets the overall design requirements of the rig.It provides a theoretical basis for the reliability of the rig, a document support for the API certification of the rig, a comparative data for the stress test, and a data support for the selection of the foundation, the selection of the Derrick hoisting cylinder, and so on.The influence of different diameters on the deformation of Derrick under various working conditions provides a theoretical basis for the selection of strands.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE92

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