本文選題：氣液混輸　切入點(diǎn)：臥底管-立管系統(tǒng)　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在海洋油氣開(kāi)發(fā)中,氣液混輸逐漸成為一種重要的油氣運(yùn)輸方式,通常采用由臥底管和立管組成的管道系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行油氣資源的輸送。由于氣液兩相間物性差異,導(dǎo)致運(yùn)送過(guò)程中容易出現(xiàn)氣液兩相不規(guī)則流動(dòng)的現(xiàn)象,其中以嚴(yán)重段塞流最為典型。嚴(yán)重段塞流會(huì)造成管道內(nèi)壓力、速度等參數(shù)發(fā)生劇烈波動(dòng),對(duì)管道系統(tǒng)和油氣采集設(shè)備造成危害。隨著油氣開(kāi)采不斷向深海邁進(jìn),對(duì)嚴(yán)重段塞流現(xiàn)象的深入研究變得越發(fā)關(guān)鍵和重要。本文針對(duì)臥底管-立管系統(tǒng),選取常見(jiàn)的垂直立管和懸鏈線(xiàn)立管兩種管型,通過(guò)建立理論模型進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,對(duì)氣液嚴(yán)重段塞流特性及其變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究,主要工作如下:對(duì)臥底管系統(tǒng)采用分層流理論模型,立管系統(tǒng)采用分相流理論模型,考慮立管內(nèi)摩擦壓降,結(jié)合漂移流速度模型,對(duì)初始條件提出一種不需要經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ偷姆椒?建立了臥底管-立管系統(tǒng)氣液兩相流動(dòng)的一維瞬態(tài)理論模型。對(duì)下傾管-垂直立管/懸鏈線(xiàn)立管兩類(lèi)系統(tǒng),結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)中的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,將數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明,對(duì)嚴(yán)重段塞流周期和壓力波動(dòng)幅值等,本文理論模型的數(shù)值結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)吻合良好。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文成功地模擬了四類(lèi)流型,并將其細(xì)分為嚴(yán)重段塞流I型、II型、III型和穩(wěn)定流型,得到了下傾管-垂直立管/懸鏈線(xiàn)立管兩類(lèi)系統(tǒng)的流型圖,結(jié)果表明,嚴(yán)重段塞流I型主要出現(xiàn)在臥底管入口氣液折算速度較低的工況下,而出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重段塞流II型、III型工況對(duì)應(yīng)的范圍處于嚴(yán)重段塞流I型與穩(wěn)定流型之間,可以將這兩種流型視為過(guò)渡流型。根據(jù)嚴(yán)重段塞流I型的流動(dòng)特性,對(duì)嚴(yán)重段塞流I型和嚴(yán)重段塞流II型的轉(zhuǎn)換邊界進(jìn)行了修正,與Pots判定準(zhǔn)則的對(duì)比結(jié)果表明本文提出的轉(zhuǎn)換邊界可以更好進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。最后,利用理論模型計(jì)算結(jié)果,進(jìn)一步對(duì)嚴(yán)重段塞流壓力波動(dòng)與周期、立管內(nèi)氣液流動(dòng)速度、含氣率及質(zhì)量分布特性等重要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果表明:嚴(yán)重段塞流現(xiàn)象會(huì)導(dǎo)致臥底管-立管系統(tǒng)內(nèi)氣液流動(dòng)參數(shù)劇烈波動(dòng);嚴(yán)重段塞流I型壓力波動(dòng)、立管兩端氣液相速度和立管平均含氣率變化的幅度均大于其它流型,且波動(dòng)幅度最大的工況均在嚴(yán)重段塞流I型和嚴(yán)重段塞流II型的轉(zhuǎn)換邊界上;懸鏈線(xiàn)立管系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的氣液兩相流動(dòng)參數(shù)波動(dòng)的劇烈程度要小于垂直立管系統(tǒng),主要原因是懸鏈線(xiàn)立管的幾何形式的不同。
[Abstract]:In the development of offshore oil and gas, gas-liquid mixed transportation has gradually become an important mode of oil and gas transportation, and the pipeline system composed of undercover pipes and risers is usually used to transport oil and gas resources.Due to the difference of physical properties between the two phases, the phenomenon of irregular gas-liquid two-phase flow is easy to occur in the transportation process, among which the serious slug flow is the most typical.Severe slug flow will cause severe fluctuation of pressure and velocity in pipeline, which will cause harm to pipeline system and oil and gas acquisition equipment.With the development of oil and gas production into the deep sea, it becomes more and more important to study the phenomenon of serious slug flow.In this paper, two kinds of pipe types, vertical riser and catenary riser, are selected for the underground pipe-riser system. The characteristics of gas-liquid serious slug flow and its variation law are studied by establishing a theoretical model for numerical simulation.The main work is as follows: the theory model of stratified flow is adopted for the underground pipe system, and the theory model of separated phase flow is used for the riser system. Considering the friction pressure drop in the riser and the drift flow velocity model, a method is proposed for the initial condition without the need of empirical model.A one-dimensional transient model of gas-liquid two-phase flow in an undercover tube-riser system is established.For the downdip pipe-vertical riser / catenary riser system, the numerical simulation results and experimental results are compared with the experimental results in the literature. The results show that, for the period of severe slug flow and the amplitude of pressure fluctuation, etc.The numerical results of the theoretical model are in good agreement with the experimental data.On this basis, four types of flow patterns are successfully simulated and subdivided into severe slug flow type I / II and steady flow patterns. The flow patterns of downdip pipe vertical riser / catenary riser are obtained. The results show that,The serious slug flow type I mainly appears under the condition of low gas-liquid conversion velocity at the entrance of the underground pipe, while the range corresponding to the serious slug flow type II type III condition is between the serious slug flow type I and the steady flow pattern.These two flow patterns can be regarded as transitional flow patterns.According to the flow characteristics of severe slug flow type I, the conversion boundary of severe slug flow type I and serious slug flow type II is modified. The comparison with Pots criterion shows that the proposed transfer boundary can be better predicted.Finally, based on the theoretical model, some important parameters, such as pressure fluctuation and period of serious slug flow, gas-liquid flow velocity, gas holdup and mass distribution in riser, are further analyzed.The results show that the serious slug flow will lead to the dramatic fluctuation of gas-liquid flow parameters in the underground pipe-riser system, and the variation amplitude of gas-liquid velocity at both ends of riser and the average gas holdup of riser is larger than that of other flow patterns, and the pressure fluctuation of type I in severe slug flow is larger than that of other flow patterns.The most fluctuating conditions are on the transfer boundary of severe slug flow type I and severe slug flow type II, and the fluctuation of gas-liquid two-phase flow parameters in catenary riser system is less severe than that in vertical riser system.The main reason is the different geometry of catenary riser.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE95;P756.2

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