本文選題：水平井　切入點(diǎn)：鉆柱動(dòng)力學(xué)　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣體鉆井技術(shù)與水平井技術(shù)的結(jié)合,可有效發(fā)現(xiàn)與保護(hù)儲(chǔ)層,并能增大泄油面積,大幅度提高采收率。但氣體鉆水平井或復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)井時(shí),鉆柱運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)、井眼軌跡控制等領(lǐng)域仍然面臨著關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題和挑戰(zhàn)。氣體鉆水平井的鉆柱動(dòng)力學(xué)特性、摩阻扭矩問題就是亟需解決的技術(shù)難題之一。 本文在大量調(diào)研國內(nèi)外氣體鉆井鉆柱動(dòng)力學(xué)、水平井摩阻扭矩研究的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)上,展開了從理論研究、實(shí)驗(yàn)研究到建立有限元模型及結(jié)果分析等一系列的研究工作。對(duì)氣體鉆水平井水平段鉆柱運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)、摩阻扭矩問題進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,利用實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果建立了鉆柱非線性有限元?jiǎng)恿W(xué)模型。主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下： (1)基于相似理論及模型試驗(yàn),系統(tǒng)地分析了各影響因素之間的關(guān)系,并確定了相關(guān)參數(shù)與相似基本判據(jù)之間的關(guān)系。以水平井井底旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆柱的實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)為原型,根據(jù)相似原理建立了水平井鉆柱動(dòng)力學(xué)特性模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。 (2)通過模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)氣體鉆水平井井底鉆壓的波動(dòng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究,得到了鉆壓的波動(dòng)頻率與鉆柱的自轉(zhuǎn)頻率的關(guān)系,分析了鉆壓的改變對(duì)鉆壓波動(dòng)頻率的影響,開展了鉆壓和轉(zhuǎn)速的改變對(duì)鉆壓波動(dòng)幅度的研究。 (3)對(duì)于152.4mm井身結(jié)構(gòu)的水平井,在使用氣體鉆井時(shí),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究得出了合適的鉆壓和轉(zhuǎn)速組合,這種鉆壓和轉(zhuǎn)速組合既可以保證快速破巖,又不會(huì)使鉆柱產(chǎn)生劇烈振動(dòng)。 (4)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)表明轉(zhuǎn)速的改變會(huì)影響鉆柱所受的扭矩,旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)時(shí)鉆柱的切向速與軸向速度的關(guān)系決定了鉆柱所受扭矩的大��；鉆柱的旋轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)使摩阻減小,為了降低摩阻,盡可能采用旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井的方式。 (5)水平井底部鉆柱受自身重力和井壁摩擦力的影響,其運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍始終處于井眼的中下偏右部,鉆壓和轉(zhuǎn)速的變化不會(huì)改變這一特性。對(duì)于水平段鉆柱旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn),不存在類似直井中的渦動(dòng)現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:The combination of gas drilling technology and horizontal well technology can effectively find and protect the reservoir, increase the oil discharge area and greatly improve the recovery factor.However, when gas drilling horizontal wells or complex structure wells, drilling string movement state, well trajectory control and other fields are still facing key technical problems and challenges.The dynamic characteristics of drill string in gas drilling horizontal well, friction torque problem is one of the technical problems that need to be solved.In this paper, based on a large number of domestic and international gas drilling string dynamics, horizontal well friction torque research literature, from theoretical research, experimental research, the establishment of finite element model and results analysis and a series of research work.The movement state and friction torque of drill string in horizontal section of gas drilling are studied experimentally. The nonlinear finite element dynamic model of drill string is established by using the experimental results.The main contents and results of the study are as follows:1) based on the similarity theory and model test, the relationship between the influencing factors is analyzed systematically, and the relationship between the related parameters and the basic criterion of similarity is determined.Based on the actual structure of rotary drill string at bottom hole of horizontal well, a simulation experiment device for dynamic characteristics of drill string in horizontal well is established according to the principle of similarity.2) through the simulation experiment, the fluctuation law of bottom hole pressure in gas drilling horizontal well is studied, the relation between the wave frequency of drilling pressure and the rotation frequency of drill string is obtained, and the influence of the change of drilling pressure on the wave frequency of drilling pressure is analyzed.The variation of drilling pressure and rotation speed on the range of drilling pressure fluctuation was carried out.3) for horizontal wells with 152.4mm shaft structure, the proper combination of drilling pressure and rotating speed is obtained through experimental study when using gas drilling. This combination of drilling pressure and rotating speed can not only guarantee rapid rock breaking, but also do not make the drill string produce violent vibration.Simulation results show that the change of rotation speed will affect the torque of drill string, the relationship between the tangential velocity and axial velocity of drill string determines the torque of drill string, and the rotation of drill string will reduce the friction, in order to reduce the friction resistance,Use rotary drilling as much as possible.5) the bottom drill string of horizontal well is affected by its own gravity and friction force, and its motion range is always in the middle and lower right part of the hole, and the change of drilling pressure and rotational speed will not change this characteristic.For horizontal drill string rotary drilling, there is no vortex phenomenon similar to that in vertical well.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE243

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