本文選題：頁巖氣　切入點：滲流機理　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：頁巖氣在成藏、賦存、滲流等方面都不同于常規(guī)油氣藏,開采方式與常規(guī)油氣也有明顯區(qū)別。但由于技術(shù)所限,我國頁巖氣藏開發(fā)尚處于起步階段,特別是對頁巖氣藏滲流機理的認(rèn)識仍然不足。這就極大地制約了對頁巖氣藏經(jīng)濟、有效地開發(fā)。因此,探討頁巖氣藏開采過程中的復(fù)雜滲流問題,對頁巖氣開采技術(shù)的發(fā)展有著重大的理論意義。同時頁巖氣的利用與開發(fā)又可以解決化石能源對環(huán)境破壞的大部分問題。因此,探討頁巖氣藏開采過程中的復(fù)雜滲流問題,對我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護又有著重大的現(xiàn)實意義。 鑒于頁巖氣藏非線性滲流理論與數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)是有效開發(fā)頁巖氣藏的前提和基礎(chǔ)。本文針對頁巖氣在運移過程中的吸附、解吸、擴散、滲流等特征,建立了頁巖氣藏氣-水兩相滲流的數(shù)學(xué)模型和數(shù)值模型。借助以上模型,深刻地認(rèn)識并分析了頁巖氣藏的滲流機理。而后應(yīng)用Eclipse數(shù)值模擬軟件的頁巖氣模塊對頁巖氣藏單井進行了數(shù)值模擬研究,論證了氣藏自身參數(shù)和工程參數(shù)對產(chǎn)氣量及采收率的影響。利用正交試驗法判斷了各敏感性參數(shù)對頁巖氣藏累計產(chǎn)氣量影響的主次順序。 本文取得的主要研究成果如下： (1)在大量國內(nèi)外文獻調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上,對頁巖儲層特征、儲集特征、滲流機理進行了系統(tǒng)深入地研究,為頁巖氣藏的開發(fā)動態(tài)特征描述奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 (2)基于頁巖氣藏滲流特點,建立了考慮Langmuir吸附作用、Fick擴散作用和達西滲流的頁巖氣藏儲層氣-水兩相滲流數(shù)學(xué)模型。對數(shù)學(xué)模型采用全隱式差分方法建立了描述頁巖氣藏氣-水兩相流動規(guī)律的數(shù)值模型。 (3)應(yīng)用Eclipse數(shù)值模擬軟件建立了頁巖氣藏單井?dāng)?shù)值模擬模型,對氣藏自身參數(shù)進行了敏感性分析。結(jié)果表明：隨著裂縫系統(tǒng)滲透率的增加、Langmuir壓力的增加、Langmuir體積的增加、竄流系數(shù)的增加、擴散系數(shù)的增加,水平井產(chǎn)氣量逐步上升；基質(zhì)滲透率對產(chǎn)氣量幾乎沒有影響。運用極差法判斷出各敏感性參數(shù)對頁巖氣藏產(chǎn)氣量的影響順序為：裂縫滲透率、竄流系數(shù)、擴散系數(shù)、Langmuir體積、Langmuir壓力、基質(zhì)滲透率。 (4)應(yīng)用Eclipse數(shù)值模擬軟件對工程參數(shù)進行了敏感性分析。結(jié)果表明：隨著井型垂直角的增加,單井產(chǎn)氣量逐步上升,直井由于產(chǎn)量過低無法完成頁巖氣藏的商業(yè)化生產(chǎn)；隨著水平井井距的增加,單井產(chǎn)氣量逐步上升,但采收率逐漸下降；隨著水平段長度的增加、裂縫半長的增加及井底流壓的降低,單井產(chǎn)氣量逐步上升。運用極差法判斷出各敏感性參數(shù)對頁巖氣藏產(chǎn)氣量的影響順序為：井底流壓、裂縫半長、裂縫間距、水平井井距、水平段長度。
[Abstract]:Shale gas is different from conventional oil and gas reservoirs in reservoir formation, occurrence and percolation.However, due to the limitation of technology, the development of shale gas reservoirs in China is still in the initial stage, especially the understanding of the seepage mechanism of shale gas reservoirs is still insufficient.This greatly restricted the shale gas reservoir economy and effective development.Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance for the development of shale gas recovery technology to discuss the complex seepage problem in the process of shale gas reservoir exploitation.At the same time, the use and development of shale gas can solve most of the environmental damage problems caused by fossil energy.Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the economic development and environmental protection of China to discuss the complex seepage problem in the process of shale gas reservoir exploitation.In view of the nonlinear seepage theory and numerical simulation technology of shale gas reservoir is the premise and foundation of effective development of shale gas reservoir.Aiming at the characteristics of adsorption, desorption, diffusion and percolation of shale gas during migration, a mathematical model and a numerical model of gas-water two-phase percolation in shale gas reservoir are established in this paper.With the help of the above model, the seepage mechanism of shale gas reservoir is deeply understood and analyzed.Then the single well of shale gas reservoir is numerically simulated by using the shale gas module of Eclipse software, and the effects of gas reservoir parameters and engineering parameters on gas production and recovery are demonstrated.The primary and secondary order of the influence of the sensitivity parameters on the cumulative gas production of shale gas reservoirs is determined by the orthogonal test method.The main research results obtained in this paper are as follows:1) on the basis of a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the characteristics of shale reservoir, reservoir characteristics and percolation mechanism are studied systematically and deeply, which lays a theoretical foundation for the description of shale gas reservoir development dynamic characteristics.Based on the percolation characteristics of shale gas reservoir, a mathematical model of gas-water two-phase percolation in shale gas reservoir considering Langmuir adsorption and Darcy percolation is established.A numerical model of gas-water two-phase flow in shale gas reservoir is established by using the fully implicit difference method for the mathematical model.The single well numerical simulation model of shale gas reservoir is established by using Eclipse software, and the sensitivity of gas reservoir parameters is analyzed.The results show that with the increase of permeability of fracture system and the increase of Langmuir pressure, the volume of Langmuir, the coefficient of channeling flow and the coefficient of diffusion increase, the gas production of horizontal well increases gradually, and the matrix permeability has little effect on gas production.By using the range method, the order of influence of each sensitive parameter on gas production of shale gas reservoir is as follows: fracture permeability, channeling coefficient, diffusion coefficient, Langmuir volume and Langmuir pressure, matrix permeability.4) sensitivity analysis of engineering parameters is carried out by using Eclipse numerical simulation software.The results show that with the increase of vertical angle of well type, the gas production of single well increases gradually, and the commercial production of shale gas reservoir can not be completed in straight well because of its low production rate, and the gas production rate of single well increases gradually with the increase of horizontal well spacing.With the increase of horizontal section length, the increase of fracture half length and the decrease of bottom hole flow pressure, the gas production rate of single well increases gradually.By using the range method, the order of influence of each sensitive parameter on gas production of shale gas reservoir is as follows: bottom hole flow pressure, fracture half length, fracture spacing, horizontal well spacing and horizontal section length.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE312

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本文編號：1702007