本文選題：常減壓裝置　切入點(diǎn)：超聲波測(cè)厚　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石油石化行業(yè)無(wú)論是在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)還是百姓生活中都充當(dāng)著至關(guān)重要的角色。隨著設(shè)備裝置的大型化趨勢(shì),原先的許多小問(wèn)題逐漸變成影響整個(gè)生產(chǎn)線的大問(wèn)題。由于這些故障,生產(chǎn)線不得不被迫停工對(duì)設(shè)備進(jìn)行檢修,維修成本,同時(shí)停工期間不定期的生產(chǎn)損失會(huì)花費(fèi)大量的人力物力。隨著國(guó)家與企業(yè)對(duì)石化裝置安全問(wèn)題的關(guān)注與重視程度越來(lái)越高,為保證生產(chǎn)的順利進(jìn)行,石化裝置的腐蝕與防護(hù)工作也越來(lái)越重要,對(duì)于腐蝕機(jī)理的研究和科學(xué)的防腐策略的需求也越來(lái)越迫切。本課題主要通過(guò)使用超聲波測(cè)厚技術(shù),對(duì)石化裝置中常減壓裝置進(jìn)行了腐蝕研究和機(jī)理分析,得出了一套針對(duì)性的防腐策略。以大慶煉化公司常減壓裝置為案例,進(jìn)行了外部腐蝕形貌觀察,對(duì)設(shè)備的不同部位進(jìn)行了厚度測(cè)量,并對(duì)沉積在設(shè)備金屬材料表面的腐蝕產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了刮取采樣,采用化學(xué)分析方法對(duì)樣品的元素與樣品的物理特性進(jìn)行了分析。通過(guò)對(duì)分析結(jié)果的比對(duì)和整理,確認(rèn)該設(shè)備的腐蝕程度及腐蝕成因,并從中提煉出相應(yīng)的腐蝕機(jī)理。在工藝原理的腐蝕防護(hù)方面,分別從原料、水質(zhì)、防腐注劑和腐蝕介質(zhì)等方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究,并制定出針對(duì)性的防腐解決方案。在腐蝕回路方面,分別針對(duì)油相、水相腐蝕,高溫、中溫、低溫腐蝕進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究,并選取腐蝕情況較為嚴(yán)重的具體代表性的腐蝕回路制定了防腐策略。最終將整體防腐策略應(yīng)用到了實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:The petroleum and petrochemical industry plays a vital role both in industrial production and in the daily life of the common people. With the trend of large-scale equipment and installations, many of the original minor problems gradually become the major problems affecting the entire production line. As a result of these failures, The production line has to stop working to overhaul the equipment and maintain the cost. At the same time, the production loss during the stoppage will cost a lot of manpower and material resources. As the state and enterprises pay more and more attention to the safety problems of petrochemical plants, In order to ensure the smooth progress of production, the corrosion and protection of petrochemical plant is more and more important, and the research of corrosion mechanism and scientific anticorrosion strategy are more and more urgent. Corrosion research and mechanism analysis of atmospheric and vacuum unit in petrochemical plant were carried out, and a set of targeted anticorrosion strategy was obtained. Taking the atmospheric and vacuum unit of Daqing Refinery and Chemical Company as an example, the external corrosion morphology was observed. The thickness of different parts of the equipment was measured, and the corrosion products deposited on the surface of the equipment metal materials were scraped and sampled. The physical properties of elements and samples were analyzed by chemical analysis. The corrosion degree and cause of corrosion of the equipment were confirmed by comparing and finishing the results of the analysis. In the aspect of corrosion protection of technological principle, the corrosion protection from raw material, water quality, anticorrosive agent and corrosion medium were studied in detail. In the aspect of corrosion circuit, the corrosion of oil phase, water phase, high temperature, middle temperature and low temperature are studied in detail. The anticorrosive strategy is made by selecting the representative corrosion circuit which is more serious and the whole anticorrosion strategy is applied to the actual production process and good results are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE986

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