本文選題：可控中子源　切入點(diǎn)：中子管　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：放射性測(cè)井作為石油測(cè)井的一個(gè)重要分支,在石油勘探及生產(chǎn)中有著其他測(cè)井方法無可比擬的優(yōu)勢(shì),因而被廣泛使用。但近年來隨著人們環(huán)保及自我防護(hù)意識(shí)的不斷增強(qiáng),放射性镅鈹中子源的使用受到了諸多限制,從而阻礙了放射性測(cè)井的發(fā)展。因此利用可控中子發(fā)生裝置替代傳統(tǒng)放射性镅鈹中子源成為各大石油公司的工作重點(diǎn)。本文詳細(xì)介紹了脈沖中子發(fā)生器的工作原理及組成,對(duì)中子發(fā)生器重要部件中子管進(jìn)行了深入的研究,通過大量實(shí)驗(yàn)改進(jìn)了中子管氘氚儲(chǔ)存器材料及結(jié)構(gòu),優(yōu)化了離子源及靶的結(jié)構(gòu)和選材,使中子管在適應(yīng)高溫工作的同時(shí)增加了中子產(chǎn)額、提高了使用壽命。本文還優(yōu)化了中子發(fā)生器三大電源電路。通過完善高壓倍壓電路來提高整支儀器的穩(wěn)定性及中子產(chǎn)額;改進(jìn)陽極脈沖電源使其工作頻率可以達(dá)到20KHz并實(shí)現(xiàn)快速關(guān)斷;改進(jìn)燈絲恒流電源,使氘氚儲(chǔ)存器出氣更平穩(wěn),電離更穩(wěn)定。完善反饋電路,通過各個(gè)反饋數(shù)值調(diào)整中子管工作狀態(tài),使中子產(chǎn)額穩(wěn)定,中子產(chǎn)額誤差控制在±3%以內(nèi)。新型的脈沖中子發(fā)生器可以用在元素測(cè)井,隨鉆測(cè)井等使用要求較高的測(cè)井儀器里。通過以上改進(jìn)使傳統(tǒng)的可控中子發(fā)生器有了質(zhì)的提高。整支儀器在175℃環(huán)境溫度、中子產(chǎn)額2×108N/S下可長時(shí)間穩(wěn)定工作,為中子測(cè)井提供了高效可靠地可控中子源。
[Abstract]:As an important branch of petroleum logging, radioactive logging has unparalleled advantages in other logging methods in petroleum exploration and production, so it is widely used. But in recent years, with the increasing of people's awareness of environmental protection and self-protection, The use of radioactive americium-beryllium neutron sources is subject to many restrictions, Thus, the development of radioactivity logging has been hindered. Therefore, the use of controlled neutron generator to replace the traditional radioactive americium-beryllium neutron source has become the focus of various oil companies. The working principle and composition of the pulse neutron generator are introduced in detail in this paper. The neutron tube, an important component of neutron generator, is studied in depth. The material and structure of deuterium and tritium storage are improved through a large number of experiments, and the structure and material selection of ion source and target are optimized. This paper also optimizes the three main power supply circuits of the neutron generator and improves the stability and neutron yield of the whole instrument by perfecting the high voltage piezoelectric circuit. By improving the anode pulse power supply, the working frequency can reach 20KHz and realize fast turn-off, and the filament constant current power supply is improved to make the deuterium and tritium storage gas output more stable and ionization more stable. By adjusting the working state of the neutron tube by each feedback, the neutron yield is stabilized and the neutron yield error is controlled within 鹵3%. The new pulse neutron generator can be used in element logging. The conventional controlled neutron generator has been improved by the above improvements in the logging tools with higher requirements for use such as logging while drilling. The whole instrument can work stably for a long time at the ambient temperature of 175 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1654955