發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-22 01:21

  本文選題：三維旋轉(zhuǎn)噴射槍　切入點(diǎn)：噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：工業(yè)油罐在長(zhǎng)期的儲(chǔ)存過(guò)程中，油品中的機(jī)械雜質(zhì)和重油成分會(huì)因?yàn)楸戎夭疃练e到油罐罐底。這些沉積物不僅降低了油罐的有效儲(chǔ)存容積，而且對(duì)罐底底板造成腐蝕。我國(guó)規(guī)定每6~9年要對(duì)油罐進(jìn)行清洗，三維旋轉(zhuǎn)噴射槍正是在這一工業(yè)背景下產(chǎn)生的。三維旋轉(zhuǎn)噴射槍的工作原理是由高壓泵給水輸送壓力，通過(guò)氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)雙軸傳動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)噴嘴的全方位運(yùn)動(dòng)，，由噴嘴射出水射流對(duì)油罐進(jìn)行清洗。噴嘴作為噴射槍清洗機(jī)的直接執(zhí)行部件，它將水流的壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換成高度密集的水射流，進(jìn)而完成清洗油罐的目的。實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)證實(shí)：研究出性能良好、材料適宜又與主機(jī)匹配的噴嘴，將極大地提高射流的效率。以往的大量研究重點(diǎn)都放在高壓以及超高壓小流量噴嘴的研制工作上，針對(duì)低壓大流量噴嘴的研究工作相對(duì)較少，本課題正是在這一研究背景下開(kāi)展的。 本論文首先對(duì)噴嘴射流的各個(gè)物理量進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述；其次利用GAMBIT軟件對(duì)噴嘴的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)外部流場(chǎng)建立了幾何模型、網(wǎng)格劃分和邊界定義；利用FLUENT軟件從兩相流入手對(duì)現(xiàn)有噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)外流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了仿真分析，然后將仿真得到的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入到ORINGE軟件中，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析總結(jié)，繪制相應(yīng)的圖像，并據(jù)此定性的分析了兩相流流動(dòng)的速度、壓力與軸心位置、橫向位置之間的關(guān)系，最后通過(guò)改變對(duì)噴嘴收縮角和長(zhǎng)徑比的設(shè)定，分析比較了不同的收縮角和長(zhǎng)徑比參數(shù)對(duì)噴嘴的內(nèi)外部流場(chǎng)的影響，得出適合油罐清洗的最佳噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化。這一研究成果對(duì)三維旋轉(zhuǎn)噴射槍噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)的工業(yè)應(yīng)用具有巨大的實(shí)用價(jià)值和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。 本文最后總結(jié)了研究工作中的不足，并對(duì)本課題的下一步工作進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:During the long-term storage of industrial oil tanks, the mechanical impurities and heavy oil components in the oil products will be deposited to the bottom of the tanks because of the difference in specific gravity. These deposits not only reduce the effective storage capacity of the tanks, Moreover, the bottom plate of the tank is corroded. Our country stipulates that the oil tank should be cleaned every 6 ~ 9 years, and the three-dimensional rotary jet gun is produced in this industrial background. The working principle of the three-dimensional rotary jet gun is that the pressure is conveyed by the high pressure pump feed water. The full motion of the nozzle is realized by driving the biaxial drive of the pneumatic motor, and the oil tank is cleaned by the water jet from the nozzle. As the direct executive part of the jet gun cleaning machine, the nozzle converts the pressure of the water flow into a highly dense water jet. The experiment has proved that the nozzle with good performance, suitable material and matching with the main engine has been developed. It will greatly improve the efficiency of jet. In the past, a large number of researches focused on the development of high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure small flow nozzles, but the research work for low-pressure and high-flow nozzles was relatively little. This subject is carried out under the background of this research. In this paper, the various physical parameters of nozzle jet are described in detail, and then the geometry model, mesh division and boundary definition of nozzle structure and internal and external flow field are established by using GAMBIT software. The internal and external flow field of the existing nozzle structure is simulated and analyzed by using FLUENT software, and then the simulated data is imported into the ORINGE software to analyze and summarize the data and draw the corresponding image. Based on this, the relationship between velocity, pressure and axial position, transverse position of two-phase flow is analyzed qualitatively. Finally, the setting of nozzle shrinkage angle and aspect ratio is changed. The effects of different parameters of shrinkage angle and aspect ratio on the internal and external flow field of the nozzle are analyzed and compared. The optimum nozzle structure parameters suitable for tank cleaning are obtained. The research results are of great practical and economic value for the industrial application of the nozzle structure of the three-dimensional rotary jet gun. Finally, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the research work, and the future work of this topic is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE972

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