本文選題：碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層　切入點(diǎn)：地震反射　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,對于碳酸巖鹽油氣儲(chǔ)層的勘探來說,地震勘探方法仍是最有效的勘探手段之一,但由于在碳酸巖鹽地震勘探中,碳酸巖鹽地層內(nèi)部分層較為模糊,常缺少可追蹤的地震波反射同相軸,使得勘探難度大大增加。因此,通過研究地震反射同相軸變化特征及來自不同儲(chǔ)集空間的地震反射、散射等波場特征,從而去認(rèn)識和描述地下縫洞系統(tǒng)的形態(tài)和空間分布就具有很大意義。 在對研究區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景研究基礎(chǔ)之上,綜合地震反射形態(tài)差異及反射能量強(qiáng)弱,可將塔中II區(qū)奧陶系鷹山組儲(chǔ)層對應(yīng)的地震反射劃分為“串珠狀”反射、“片狀”反射、“雜亂”反射及弱反射4種類型,并對其中的“串珠狀”反射和“片狀”反射進(jìn)行細(xì)分。通過研究每一種反射類型與不同儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育特征的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,從而對四種反射類型所對應(yīng)的儲(chǔ)層進(jìn)行差異性分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)之上建立不同地震反射類型的地質(zhì)解譯,總結(jié)出了“串珠狀”反射所對應(yīng)儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育最好,有效儲(chǔ)層相對最為發(fā)育,“片狀”反射所對應(yīng)儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育情況僅次于“串珠狀”反射,而“雜亂”反射及弱反射儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育較差,其中弱反射儲(chǔ)層基本不發(fā)育。 通過對不同地震反射類型的系統(tǒng)研究,建立單井一維地質(zhì)模型,研究單井及井周儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育情況,并以此為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合區(qū)域構(gòu)造斷裂、巖溶古地貌等因素,建立千米級二維地質(zhì)模型,研究在一定方向上儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育分布情況,并通過建立三維靜態(tài)地質(zhì)模型研究部分區(qū)域儲(chǔ)層特征。最后結(jié)合之前研究工作對塔中II區(qū)奧陶系鷹山組儲(chǔ)層分布做出預(yù)測,使得研究“串珠狀”、“片狀”、“雜亂”反射的形成機(jī)理及地質(zhì)內(nèi)涵有了特別的意義。
[Abstract]:At present, seismic exploration method is still one of the most effective methods for carbonate oil and gas reservoir exploration, but in carbonate seismic exploration, the inner stratification of carbonate rock salt formation is relatively fuzzy. There is often a lack of traceable seismic reflection cophase axis, which makes exploration much more difficult. Therefore, by studying the variation characteristics of seismic reflection cophase axis and seismic reflection and scattering from different reservoir spaces, the characteristics of seismic reflection, scattering and other wave fields are studied. It is of great significance to understand and describe the shape and spatial distribution of underground fracture-hole system. Based on the study of the regional geological background, the difference of seismic reflection morphology and the intensity of reflection energy are discussed. Seismic reflection corresponding to Ordovician Yingshan formation reservoir in Tazhong II area can be divided into four types: "bead" reflection, "flake" reflection, "clutter" reflection and weak reflection. The "bead" reflection and "flake" reflection are subdivided. By studying the corresponding relationship between each reflection type and different reservoir development characteristics, the reservoir corresponding to the four types of reflection is analyzed differently. On this basis, the geological interpretation of different seismic reflection types is established, and it is concluded that the reservoir corresponding to the "beaded" reflection has the best development. The effective reservoir is relatively the most developed, and the development of the "flake" reflection is second only to the "beaded" reflection, while the "clutter" reflection and weak reflection reservoir are poor, among which the weak reflection reservoir is basically not developed. Through the systematic study of different seismic reflection types, the one-dimensional geological model of single well is established, and the development of single-well and peri-well reservoirs is studied. Based on this, combined with regional structural faults, karst paleogeomorphology and other factors, To establish a two dimensional geological model of the kilometer scale and study the reservoir development and distribution in a certain direction, Finally, the reservoir distribution of Ordovician Yingshan formation in Tazhong II area is predicted in combination with previous research work. It is of special significance to study the formation mechanism and geological connotation of "bead", "flake" and "clutter" reflection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13;P631.4

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